Hedonic motivation and online purchase intention: the moderating role of gender

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3846/btp.2026.20651

Abstract

This research aims to determine the differences between men and women through the overall moderating role of gender between perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and hedonic motivation on online purchase intentions on five e-commerce sites in Indonesia. Primary data was obtained through the distribution of questionnaires via social media sites such as WhatsApp, Instagram, and X (formerly Twitter). Then the data obtained, namely 330 respondents, was processed using SMARTPLS 3.9 software. This research found that perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use did not significantly influence online purchase intention but did influence hedonic motivation. Furthermore, this study also found that hedonic motivation has an effect on online purchase intention. Perceived usefulness has a significant effect on online purchase intention through hedonic motivation, and perceived ease of use has a significant effect on online purchase intention through hedonic motivation. Gender moderates the effects of perceived ease of use and hedonic motivation but does not moderate perceived usefulness. A model that links the four variables with gender as a moderate in five e-commerce in Indonesia which generates interesting implications for academics and practitioners and can be further developed by further researchers.

Keywords:

perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, hedonic motivation, online purchase intention, gender

How to Cite

Azzahra, M. D., Hidayat, A. M., & Pradana, M. (2026). Hedonic motivation and online purchase intention: the moderating role of gender. Business: Theory and Practice, 27(2), 216–225. https://doi.org/10.3846/btp.2026.20651

Share

Published in Issue
June 19, 2026
Abstract Views
204

References

Akbariyeh, H., Mirabi, D., & Tahmasebifard, H. (2015). A study of factors affecting on customers purchase intention case study: The agencies of bono brand tile in Tehran. Journal of Multidisciplinary Engineering Science and Technology, 2(1), 267–273.

Alhaimer, R. (2022). Fluctuating attitudes and behaviors of customers toward online shopping in times of emergency: The case of Kuwait during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Internet Commerce, 21(1), 26–50. https://doi.org/10.1080/15332861.2021.1882758

Ananto, P. F., Hsieh, C.-C., & Er, M. (2022). Competition between online and offline retailer mass customization. Procedia Computer Science, 197(1), 709–717. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2021.12.192

Aziz, N. A., & Wahid, N. (2018). Factors influencing online purchase intention among university students. International Journal of Academic Research in Business & Social Sciences, 8(7), 702–717. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v8-i7/4413

Babin, B., Darden, W., & Griffin, M. (1994). Work and/or fun: Measuring hedonic and utilitarian shopping value. Journal of Consumer Research, 20(4), 644–656. https://doi.org/10.1086/209376

Bem, S. (1981). The BSRI and gender schema theory: A reply to Spence and Helmreich. Psychological Review, 88(4), 369–371. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.88.4.369

Bridges, E., & Florsheim, R. (2008). Hedonic and utilitarian shopping goals: The online experience. Journal of Business Research, 61(4), 309–314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2007.06.017

Bruner, G., & Kumar, A. (2005). Explaining consumer acceptance of handheld internet devices. Journal of Business Research, 58(5), 553–558. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2003.08.002

Chang, C.-M., Liu, L.-W., Huang, H.-C., & Hsieh, H.-H. (2019). Factors influencing online hotel booking: Extending UTAUT2 with age, gender, and experience as moderators. Information, 10(9), Article 281. https://doi.org/10.3390/info10090281

Chen, M. (1986). Gender and computers: The beneficial effects of experience on attitudes. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 2(3), 265–282. https://doi.org/10.2190/WDRY-9K0F-VCP6-JCCD

Chetioui, Y., & Bouzidi, L. (2023). An investigation of the nexus between online impulsive buying and cognitive dissonance among Gen Z shoppers: Are female shoppers different? Young Consumers: Insight and Ideas for Responsible Marketers, 24(4), 406–426. https://doi.org/10.1108/YC-06-2022-1548

Childers, T., Carr, C., Peck, J., & Carson, S. (2001). Hedonic and utilitarian motivations for online retail shopping behavior. Journal of Retailing, 77(4), 511–535. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-4359(01)00056-2

Chin, W. (1998). The partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling (Vol. 295). Erlbaurn Associates, Inc.

Chiu, Y.-B., Lin, C.-P., & Tang, L.-L. (2005). Gender differs: Assessing a model of online purchase intentions in e‐tail service. International Journal of Service Industry Management, 16(5), 416–435. https://doi.org/10.1108/09564230510625741

Chtourou, M., & Souiden, N. (2010). Rethinking the TAM model: Time to consider fun. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 27(4), 336–344. https://doi.org/10.1108/07363761011052378

Chung, Y.-S. (2015). Hedonic and utilitarian shopping values in airport shopping behavior. Journal of Air Transport Management, 49, 28–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2015.07.003

Dachyar, M., & Banjarnahor, L. (2017). Factors influencing purchase intention towards consumer-to-consumer e-commerce. Intangible Capital, 13(5), 946–966. https://doi.org/10.3926/ic.1119

Danurdoro, K., & Wulandari, D. (2016). The impact of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, subjective norm, and experience toward student’s intention to use internet banking. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Studi Pembangunan, 8(1), 17–22. https://doi.org/10.17977/um002v8i12016p017

Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319–340. https://doi.org/10.2307/249008

Deaux, K. (1984). From individual differences to social categories: Analysis of a decade’s research on gender. American Psychologist, 39(2), 105–116. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.39.2.105

Dzandu, M., Boateng, H., Agyemang, F., & Quansah, F. (2016). Social media adoption among university students: The role of gender, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. International Journal of Social Media and Interactive Learning Environments, 4(2), 124–136. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSMILE.2016.077584

Fatmawati, I., & Ali, H. (2021). Determination attitude toward using and purchase intentions: Analysis of perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness (Case study of Instagram shop’s features on social media Instagram). Dinasti International Journal of Management Science , 3(1), 119–133. https://doi.org/10.31933/dijms.v3i1.932

Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1977). Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior: An introduction to theory and research. Addison-Wesley.

G., R., & Asokan-Ajitha, A. (2021). Role of impulsiveness in online purchase completion intentions: An empirical study among Indian customers. Journal of Indian Business Research, 13(2), 189–222. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIBR-04-2018-0132

Gefen, D., Karahanna, E., & Straub, D. W. (2003). Trust and TAM in online shopping: An integrated Model. Mis Quarterly, 27(1), 51–90. https://doi.org/10.2307/30036519

Gefen, D., & Straub, D. (1997). Gender differences in the perception and use of e-mail: An extension to the technology acceptance model. MIS Quarterly, 21(4), 389–400. https://doi.org/10.2307/249720

Griethuijsen, R. A. L. F. van, Eijck, M. W. van, Haste, H., Brok, P. J. den, Skinner, N. C., Mansour, N., Gencer, A. S., & BouJaoude, S. (2014). Global patterns in students’ views of science and interest in science. Research in Science Education, 45(4), 581–603. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11165-014-9438-6

Gupta, A. N., & Chitrao, P. (2022). Effectiveness of online shopping advantages of healthy food products on consumer buying behaviour. In Information and communication technology for competitive strategies (ICTCS 2020) (pp. 88–99). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0739-4_9

Güsken, S. R., Janssen, D., & Hees, F. (2019). Online grocery platforms – understanding consumer acceptance. In Conference Proceedings of the ISPIM Connects Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada. ISPIM.

Ha, N. T., Nguyen, T. L. H., Nguyen, T. P. L., & Nguyen, T. D. (2019). The effect of trust on consumers’ online purchase intention: An integration of TAM and TPB. Management Science Letters, 9(9), 1451–1460. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2019.5.006

Ha, N., Nguyen, T., Pham, T., & Nguyen, T. (2021). Factors influencing online shopping intention: An empirical study in Vietnam. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 8(3), 1257–1266.

Ha, Y., & Im, H. (2014). Determinants of mobile coupon service adoption: Assessment of gender difference. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 42(5), 441–459. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJRDM-08-2012-0074

Heijden, H. (2004). User acceptance of hedonic information systems. MIS Quarterly, 28(4), 695–704. https://doi.org/10.2307/25148660

Henseler, J., Ringle, C., & Sinkovics, R. (2009). The use of partial least squares path modeling in international marketing. In Advances in international marketing (pp. 277–319). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1474-7979(2009)0000020014

Hirschman, E., & Holbrook, M. (1982). Hedonic consumption: Emerging concepts, methods and propositions. Journal of Marketing, 46(3), 92–101. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224298204600314

Hofstede, G. (1984). Culture’s consequences: International differences in work related values (Vol. 5). Sage.

Huang, F., Teo, T., & Scherer, R. (2022a). Investigating the antecedents of university students’ perceived ease of using the Internet for learning. Interactive Learning Environments, 30(6), 1060–1076. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2019.1710540

Huang, Z., Zhu, Y., Hao, A., & Deng, J. (2022b). How social presence influences consumer purchase intention in live video commerce: The mediating role of immersive experience and the moderating role of positive emotions. Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing, 17(4), 493–509. https://doi.org/10.1108/JRIM-01-2022-0009

Igbaria, M., Livari, J., & Maragahh, H. (1995). Why do Individuals use computer technology? A Finnish case study. Information & Management, 29(5), 227–238. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-7206(95)00031-0

Japarianto, E., & Adelia, S. (2020). Pengaruh Tampilan Web Dan Harga Terhadap Minat Beli Dengan Kepercayaan Sebagai Intervening Variable Pada E-commerce Shopee [The effect of website design and price on purchase intention, with trust as an intervening variable, in the Shopee e-commerce platform]. Jurnal Manajemen Pemasaran, 14(1), 35–43. https://doi.org/10.9744/pemasaran.14.1.35-43

Jen, W.-Y., & Hung, M.-C. (2010). An empirical study of adopting mobile healthcare service: The family’s perspective on the healthcare needs of their elderly members. Telemedicine and e-Health, 16(1), 41–48. https://doi.org/10.1089/tmj.2009.0093

Juhri, K., & Dewi, C. (2017). Kepercayaan dan Penerimaan Layanan Mobile Money T-Cash Bandung Dengan Pendekatan Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) [Trust and adoption of the T-Cash mobile money service in Bandung using the technology acceptance model]. Jurnal Pro Bisnis, 10(1), 36–51.

Kang, Y. J., & Park, S. Y. (2016). The perfection of the narcissistic self: A qualitative study on luxury consumption and customer equity. Journal of Business Research, 69(9), 3813–3819. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.12.073

Kartiwi, M., Hussin, H., Suhaimi, M. A., Jalaldeen, M. M., & Amin, M. R. (2018). Impact of external factors on determining e-commerce benefits among SMEs in Malaysia. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 8, Article 18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40497-018-0105-7

Khare, A. (2011). Influence of hedonic and utilitarian values in determining attitude towards malls: A case of Indian small city consumers. Journal of Retail & Leisure Property, 9(5), 429–442. https://doi.org/10.1057/rlp.2011.6

Kim, J., & Forsythe, S. (2007). Hedonic usage of product virtualization technologies in online apparel shopping. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 35(6), 502–514. https://doi.org/10.1108/09590550710750368

Kim, J., & Forsythe, S. (2008). Adoption of Virtual Try-on technology for online apparel shopping. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 22(2), 45–59. https://doi.org/10.1002/dir.20113

Krithika, M., & Rajini, G. (2017). Buying or browsing: Motivation behind online purchase intention. Main in India, 97(22), 1–7.

Lazim, N., Sulaiman, Z., Zakuan, N., Mas’od, A., Chin, T., & Awang, S. (2020). Measuring post-purchase regret and impluse buying in online shopping experience from cognitive dissonance theory perspective. In 2020 6th IEEE International Conference on Information Management (ICIM) (pp. 7–13). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIM49319.2020.244662

Liébana-Cabanillas, F., Marinković, V., & Kalinić, Z. (2017). A SEM-neural network approach for predicting antecedents of m-commerce acceptance. International Journal of Information Management, 37(2), 14–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2016.10.008

Lim, S., Xue, L., Yen, C., Chang, L., Chan, H., Tai, B., Duh, H. B.-L., & Choolani, M. (2011). A study on Singaporean women’s acceptance of using mobile phones to seek health information. International Journal of Medical Informatics, 80(12), e189–e202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2011.08.007

Lin, H.-F. (2007). Predicting consumer intentions to shop online: An empirical test of competing theories. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 6(4), 433–442. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elerap.2007.02.002

Ma, Q., Chan, A., & Chen, K. (2016). Personal and other factors affecting acceptance of smartphone technology by older Chinese adults. Applied Ergonomics, 54, 62–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2015.11.015

Moutinho, L., & Goode, M. (1995). Gender effects to the foundation of overall product satisfaction: A multivariate approach. Journal of Intenational Consumer Marketing, 8(1), 71–92. https://doi.org/10.1300/J046v08n01_05

Mulyani, V., Najib, M., & Guteres, A. (2021). The effect of perceived usefulness, trust and visual information toward attitude and purchase intention. Journal of Marketing Innovation, 1(1), 78–93. https://doi.org/10.35313/jmi.v1i01.12

Noer, L. R., Putra, S. W., & Adriani, A. A. (2022). Online book shopping in Indonesian during the COVID-19 pandemic. Publishing Research Quarterly, 38(1), 117–130. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12109-022-09859-4

Oumlil, A., & Erdem, O. (1997). Self-concept by gender: A focus on male-female consumers. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 5(1), 7–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/10696679.1997.11501746

Overby, J., & Lee, E.-J. (2006). The effects of utilitarian and hedonic online shopping value on consumer preference and intentions. Journal of Business Research, 59, 1160–1166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2006.03.008

Pagani, M. (2004). Determinants of adoption of third generation mobile multimedia services. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 18(3), 46–59. https://doi.org/10.1002/dir.20011

Pijpers, G. G. M., Bemelmans, T. M. A., Heemstra, F. J., & van Montfort, K. A. G. M. (2001). Senior executives’ use of information technology. Information and Software Technology, 43(15), 959–971. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-5849(01)00197-5

Porter, M. (1974). Consumer behavior, retailer power and market performance in consumer goods industries. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 56(4), 419–436. https://doi.org/10.2307/1924458

Putra, G., & Ariyanti, M. (2013). Pengaruh faktor-faktor dalam modified unified theory of acceptance and use of technology 2 (UTAUT 2) terhadap niat prospective users untuk mengadopsi home digital services PT. Telkom di Surabaya [The influence of factors in the modified unified theory of acceptance and use of technology 2 (UTAUT-2) on prospective users’ intentions to adopt PT Telkom’s home digital services in Surabaya]. Jurnal Manajemen Indonesia, 14(1), 59–76. https://doi.org/10.25124/jmi.v14i1.352

Riquelme, H., & Rios, R. (2010). The moderating effect of gender in the adoption of mobile banking. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 28(5), 328–341. https://doi.org/10.1108/02652321011064872

Rosenkrantz, P., Vogel, S., Bee, H., Broverman, I., & Broverman, D. (1968). Sex-role stereotypes and self-concepts students in college students. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 32(3), 287–295. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0025909

Saleem, A., Aslam, J., Kim, Y. B., Nauman, S., & Khan, N. T. (2022). Motives towards e-shopping adoption among Pakistani consumers: An application of the technology acceptance model and theory of reasoned action. Sustainability, 14(7), Article 4180. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14074180

Scarpi, D. (2012). Work and fun on the internet: The effects of utilitarianism and data hedonism online. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 26(1), 53–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intmar.2011.08.001

Shah, S. H., Aziz, J., Jaffari, A. R., Waris, S., Ejaz, W., Fatima, M., & Sherazi, S. (2012). The impact of brands on consumer purchase intentions. Asian Journal of Business Management, 4(2), 105–110.

Shin, D.-H. (2009). Towards an understanding of the consumer acceptance of mobile wallet. Computers in Human Behavior, 25(6), 1343–1354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2009.06.001

Shwastika, R., & Keni, K. (2021). The effect of brand awareness, social media marketing, perceived quality, hedonic motivation, and sales promotion towards consumers intention to purchase in fashion industry. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Economics, Business, Social, and Humanities (ICEBSH 2021) (Vol. 570, pp. 23–31). Atlantis Press SARL. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210805.004

Singh, D. (2014). Online shopping motivations, information search, and shopping intentions in an emerging economy. The East Asian Journal of Business Management, 4(3), 5–12. https://doi.org/10.13106/eajbm.2014.vol4.no3.5.

Singh, S., & Srivastava, S. (2018). Moderating effect of product type on online shopping behaviour and purchase intention: An Indian perspective. Cogent Arts & Humanities, 5(1), 1–27. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311983.2018.1495043

Smeait, A. (2016). Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Minat Beli Pada Produk Fashion Melalui Belanja Online [Factors influencing purchase intention for fashion products through online shopping]. Jurnal Publikasi Fakultas Ekonomi, 1–13.

Soares, J., Limongi, R., Júnior, J. D., Santos, W. S., Raasch, M., & Hoeckesfeld, L. (2022). Assessing the effects of COVID-19-related risk on online shopping behavior. Journal of Marketing Analytics, 11, 82–94. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41270-022-00156-9

Statista Research Department. (2021). Number of e-commerce users in Indonesia from 2017 to 2025 (in millions). Indonesia.

Sun, H., & Zhang, P. (2006). The role of moderating factors in user technology acceptance. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 64(2), 53–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2005.04.013

Taber, K. (2018). The use of Cronbach’s Alpha when developing and reporting research instruments in science education. Research in Science Education, 48, 1273–1296. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11165-016-9602-2

Tu, J.-C., & Yang, C. (2019). Key factors influencing consumers’ purchase of electric vehicles. Sustainability, 11(14), Article 3863. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11143863

Ulya, F. (2021, October 22). Riset: Masyarakat Lebih Banyak Belanja Online Dibanding Offline [Research: People shop more online than offline]. https://money.kompas.com/read/2021/10/22/211000926/riset--masyarakat-lebih-banyak-belanja-online-dibanding-offline

Venkatesh, V., Morris, M., & Ackerman, P. (2000). A longitudinal field investigation of gender differences in individual technology adoption decision-making processes. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 83(1), 33–60. https://doi.org/10.1006/obhd.2000.2896

Ventre, I., & Kolbe, D. (2020). The impact of perceived usefulness of online reviews, trust and perceived risk on online purchase intention in emerging markets: A Mexican perspective. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 32(4), 287–299. https://doi.org/10.1080/08961530.2020.1712293

Wang, Q., & Chen, H. (2022). Better or worse? Effects of online promotion habits on customer value: An empirical study. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 68, Article 103018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2022.103018

Wicaksono, A., & Maharani, A. (2020). The effect of perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use on the technology acceptance model to use online travel agency. Journal of Business and Management Review, 1(5), 313–328. https://doi.org/10.47153/jbmr15.502020

Wilson, N. (2019). The impact of perceived usefulness and perceived ease-of-use toward repurchase intention in the Indonesian e-commerce industry. Jurnal Manajemen Indonesia, 19(3), 241–249. https://doi.org/10.25124/jmi.v19i3.2412

Yang, H.-d., & Yoo, Y. (2004). It’s all about attitude: Revisiting the technology acceptance model. Decision Support Systems, 38(1), 19–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-9236(03)00062-9

Yang, K. C. C. (2005). Exploring factors affecting the adoption of mobile commerce in Singapore. Telematics and Informatics, 22(3), 257–277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2004.11.003

Yen, Y.-S. (2022). Channel integration affects usage intention in food delivery platform services: The mediating effect of perceived value. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 35(1), 54–73. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-05-2021-0372

Yi, S., & Jai, T. (2020). Impacts of consumers’ beliefs, desires and emotions on their impulse buying behavior: Application of an integrated model of belief-desire theory of emotion. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 29(6), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2020.1692267

Yingi, E., Hlungwani, P. M., & Nyagadza, B. (2022). The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) in the heart of the SDG Agenda: The role of education in Zimbabwe. Africa Review, 14(2), 213–229. https://doi.org/10.1163/09744061-01402001

Yonatan, A. (2023, June 20). Indonesia Peringkat 4, Ini Dia 7 Negara Pengguna Internet Terbesar di Dunia [Indonesia ranks 4th, here are the 7 countries with the largest number of internet users in the world]. https://data.goodstats.id/statistic/agneszefanyayonatan/indonesia-peringkat-4-ini-dia-7-negara-pengguna-internet-terbesar-di-dunia-FLw6V#:~:text=Melansir%20Statista%2C%20di%20tahun%202023,di%20setiap%20area%20berbeda%2Dbeda

Yu, C., & Bastin, M. (2010). Hedonic shopping value and impulse buying behavior in transitional economies: A symbiosis in the Mainland China marketplace. Journal of Brand Management, 18, 105–114. https://doi.org/10.1057/bm.2010.32

Zhang, Y. (2005). Age, gender, and internet attitudes among employees in the business world. Computers in Human Behavior, 21(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2004.02.006

Zhou, T. (2013). Understanding continuance usage of mobile sites. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 113(9), 1286–1299. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMDS-01-2013-0001

Zwanka, R., & Buff, C. (2021). COVID-19 generation: A conceptual framework of the consumer behavioral shifts to be caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 33, 58–67. https://doi.org/10.1080/08961530.2020.1771646

View article in other formats

CrossMark check

CrossMark logo

Published

2026-06-19

Issue

Section

Articles

How to Cite

Azzahra, M. D., Hidayat, A. M., & Pradana, M. (2026). Hedonic motivation and online purchase intention: the moderating role of gender. Business: Theory and Practice, 27(2), 216–225. https://doi.org/10.3846/btp.2026.20651

Share