Application of major ion concentrations for the prediction of stable isotopic composition in surface water
Abstract
The δ2H and δ18O values in water bodies are essential to the management of water resources because of the ability to insight into hydrological processes. In this study, we have measured and analyzed the major ions (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl–, SO24– and HCO–3 ) and stable H-O isotopes (δ2H and δ18O) for fifteen surface water samples collected from the Xinbian River in Suzhou, northern Anhui Province, China. The results show that all of the water samples are classified to be Na-HCO3 type, and the mean values of δ2H and δ18O are –42.93‰ and –5.36‰, respectively. Gibbs diagram and the relationship between δ2H and δ18O indicate that both water chemistry and stable isotopes in river water are mainly controlled by evaporation. Correlation analysis reveals that a significant correlation between major ions and δ18O. Predictors (K+, SO24– and HCO–3 ) have been selected by optimal subset regression analysis were used to model the δ18O values in the river water. Moreover, the residuals of the model were normally distributed and values between –0.2‰ to 0.2‰ for most water samples, suggesting a strong relationship between the observed and predicted δ18O values.
Keyword : major ions, stable isotopes, prediction, river water, hydrochemistry
How to Cite
Chen, K., & Sun, L. (2021). Application of major ion concentrations for the prediction of stable isotopic composition in surface water. Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management, 29(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.3846/jeelm.2021.14221
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
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Piper, A. M. (1944). A graphic procedure in the geochemical interpretation of water analyses. Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union, 25(6), 914–928. https://doi.org/10.1029/TR025i006p00914
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Qian, H., Wu, J., Zhou, Y., & Li, P. (2014). Stable oxygen and hydrogen isotopes as indicators of lake water recharge and evaporation in the lakes of the Yinchuan Plain. Hydrological Processes, 28(10), 3554–3562. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.9915
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Sun, L. H., Gui, H. R., & Chen, S. (2010). Application of minitab to identification of inrush water sources in Wanbei mining area. Coal Science and Technology, 38(2), 104–107 (in Chinese).
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Tóth, J. (1999). Groundwater as a geologic agent: an overview of the causes, processes and manifestations. Hydrogeology Journal, 7(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s100400050176
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Zhang, B., Song, X. F., Zhang, Y. H., Han, D. M., Tang, C. Y., & Yang, L. Y. (2015). The relationship between and evolution of surface water and groundwater in Songnen Plain, Northeast China. Environmental Earth Sciences, 73(12), 8333–8343. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-014-3995-x
Zheng, S. H., Hou, F. G., & Ni, B. L. (1983). Hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes of precipitation in China. Chinese Science Bulletin, 28(13), 801–806 (in Chinese). https://doi.org/10.1360/csb1983-28-13-801
Brooks, J. R., Gibson, J. J., Birks, S. J., Weber, M. H., Rodecap, K. D., & Stoddard, J. L. (2014). Stable isotope estimates of evaporation: inflow and water residence time for lakes across the United States as a tool for national lake water quality assessments. Limnology and Oceanography, 59(6), 2150–2165. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2014.59.6.2150
Cao, X. X., Wu, P., Zhou, S. Q., Han, Z. W., Tu, H., & Zhang, S. (2018). Seasonal variability of oxygen and hydrogen isotopes in a wetland system of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, southwest China: a quantitative assessment of groundwater inflow fluxes. Hydrogeology Journal, 26(1), 215–231. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-017-1635-8
Chen, K., Sun, L. H., & Tang, J. (2020). Hydrochemical differences between river water and groundwater in Suzhou, Northern Anhui Province, China. Open Geosciences, 12(1), 1421–1429. https://doi.org/10.1515/geo-2020-0203
Chen, L. W., Gui, H. L., & Yin, X. X. (2008). Composing characteristic of hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes and tracing of hydrological cycle. Journal of China Coal Society, 30(10), 1107–1111 (in Chinese).
Craig, H. (1961). Isotopic variations in meteoric waters. Science, 133(3465), 1702–1703. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.133.3465.1702
Dansgaard, W. (1964). Stable isotopes in precipitation. Tellus, 16(4), 436–468. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2153-3490.1964.tb00181.x
Delavau, C. J., Stadnyk, T., & Birks, J. (2011). Model based spatial distribution of oxygen-18 isotopes in precipitation across Canada. Canadian Water Resources Journal, 36(4), 313–330. https://doi.org/10.4296/cwrj3604875
Gat, J. R. (1996). Oxygen and hydrogen isotopes in the hydrologic cycle. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 24(1), 225–262. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.earth.24.1.225
Gibbs, R. J. (1970). Mechanisms controlling world water chemistry. Science, 170(3962), 1088–1090. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.170.3962.1088
Gorman, J. W. (1976). Optimal subset selection-multiple regression, interdependence and optimal network algorithms. Technometrics, 18(2), 239–240. https://doi.org/10.1080/00401706.1976.10489432
He, S., & Li, P. (2019). A MATLAB based graphical user interface (GUI) for quickly producing widely used hydrogeochemical diagrams. Geochemistry, 80(4) 125550. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemer.2019.125550
Jalali, M. (2005). Major ion chemistry of groundwaters in the Bahar area, Hamadan, western Iran. Environmental Geology, 47(6), 76–772. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-004-1200-3
Jeff, B. L. (2015). Spatial distribution of δ2H and δ18O values in the hydrologic cycle of the Nile Basin. Journal of Arid Land, 7(2), 133–145. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40333-014-0078-5
Ke, Z. J., Zhang, P. Q., Dong, W. J., & Wang, J. (2009). An application of optimal subset regression in seasonal climate prediction. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 33(5), 994–1002 (in Chinese).
Kuang, X., Luo, X., Jiao, J. J., Liang, S., Zhang, X., Li, H., & Liu, J. (2019). Using stable isotopes of surface water and groundwater to quantify moisture sources across the Yellow River source region. Hydrological Processes, 33(13), 1835–1850. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13441
Kumar, A., Sanyal, P., & Agrawal, S. (2019). Spatial distribution of δ18O values in river water in the Ganga River Basin: Insight into the hydrological processes. Journal of Hydrology, 571, 225–234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.01.044
Lee, H., Lee, D. J., & Kwon, H. (2018). Development of an optimized trend kriging model using regression analysis and selection process for optimal subset of basis functions. Aerospace Science and Technology, 77, 273–285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ast.2018.01.042
Nwankwoala, H. O., Amadi, A. N., Oborie, E., & Ushie, F. A. (2014). Hydrochemical Factors and correlation analysis in groundwater quality in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Applied Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2(4), 100–105. https://doi.org/10.12691/aees-2-4-3
Ogrinc, N., Kocman, D., Miljevic, N., Vreca, P., Vrzel, J., & Povinec, P. (2018). Distribution of H and O stable isotopes in the surface waters of the Sava River, the major tributary of the Danube River. Journal of Hydrology, 585, 365–373. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.08.024
Piper, A. M. (1944). A graphic procedure in the geochemical interpretation of water analyses. Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union, 25(6), 914–928. https://doi.org/10.1029/TR025i006p00914
Prada, S., Cruz, J. V., & Figueira, C. (2016). Using stable isotopes to characterize groundwater recharge sources in the volcanic island of Madeira, Portugal. Journal of Hydrology, 536, 409–425. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.03.009
Prasanna, M. V., Chidambaram, S., Gireesh, T. V., & Ali, T. V. J. (2011). A study on hydrochemical characteristics of surface and sub-surface water in and around Perumal Lake, Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu, South India. Environmental Earth Sciences, 63(1), 31–47. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-010-0664-6
Qian, H., Li, P., Wu, J., & Zhou, Y. (2013). Isotopic characteristics of precipitation, surface and ground waters in the Yinchuan Plain, northwest China. Environmental Earth Sciences, 70(1), 5–70. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-012-2103-3
Qian, H., Wu, J., Zhou, Y., & Li, P. (2014). Stable oxygen and hydrogen isotopes as indicators of lake water recharge and evaporation in the lakes of the Yinchuan Plain. Hydrological Processes, 28(10), 3554–3562. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.9915
Singh, G., Rishi, M. S., Herojeet, R., Kaur, L., & Sharma, K. (2020). Evaluation of groundwater quality and human health risks from fluoride and nitrate in semi-arid region of northern India. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 42, 1833–1862. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-019-00449-6
Sun, C. J., Li, X. G., Chen, Y. N., Li, W. H., Stotler, R. L., & Zhang, Y. Q. (2016). Spatial and temporal characteristics of stable isotopes in the Tarim River Basin. Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies, 52(3), 281–297. https://doi.org/10.1080/10256016.2016.1125350
Sun, L. H., Gui, H. R., & Chen, S. (2010). Application of minitab to identification of inrush water sources in Wanbei mining area. Coal Science and Technology, 38(2), 104–107 (in Chinese).
Terzer, S., Wassenaar, L. I., Araguás, A. L. J., & Aggarwal, P. K. (2013). Global isoscapes for δ18O and δ2H in precipitation: improved prediction using regionalized climatic regression models. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 17(11), 4713–4728. https://doi.org/10.5194/hessd-10-7351-2013
Tiri, A., Belkhiri, L., & Mouni, L. (2018). Evaluation of surface water quality for drinking purposes using fuzzy inference system. Groundwater for Sustainable Development, 6, 235–244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsd.2018.01.006
Tóth, J. (1999). Groundwater as a geologic agent: an overview of the causes, processes and manifestations. Hydrogeology Journal, 7(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s100400050176
Tran, D. A., Tsujimura, M., Vo, L. P., Nguyen, V. T., Nguyen, L. D., & Dang, T. D. (2019). Stable isotope characteristics of water resources in the coastal area of the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies, 55(6), 566–587. https://doi.org/10.1080/10256016.2019.1673746
Wang, Q., & Yang, Z. M. (2016). Industrial water pollution, water environment treatment, and health risks in China. Environmental Pollution, 218, 358–365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2016.07.011
Wet, R. F., West, A. G., & Harris, C. (2020). Seasonal variation in tap water δ2H and δ18O isotopes reveals two tap water worlds. Scientific Reports, 10, 13544. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-70317-2
Wu, J., Li, P., Qian, H., Duan, Z., & Zhang, X. (2014). Using correlation and multivariate statistical analysis to identify hydrogeochemical processes affecting the major ion chemistry of waters: Case study in Laoheba phosphorite mine in Sichuan, China. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 7(10), 3973–3982. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-013-1057-4
Wu, J., Li, P., Wang, D., Ren, X., & Wei, M. (2020). Statistical and multivariate statistical techniques to trace the sources and affecting factors of groundwater pollution in a rapidly growing city on the Chinese Loess Plateau. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment, 26(6), 1603–1621. https://doi.org/10.1080/10807039.2019.1594156
Zhang, B., Song, X. F., Zhang, Y. H., Han, D. M., Tang, C. Y., & Yang, L. Y. (2015). The relationship between and evolution of surface water and groundwater in Songnen Plain, Northeast China. Environmental Earth Sciences, 73(12), 8333–8343. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-014-3995-x
Zheng, S. H., Hou, F. G., & Ni, B. L. (1983). Hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes of precipitation in China. Chinese Science Bulletin, 28(13), 801–806 (in Chinese). https://doi.org/10.1360/csb1983-28-13-801