Creative learning at the university: how do pedagogy students assess their learning?
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3846/cs.2026.23924Abstract
Pedagogy students’ assessment of their own learning allows for a better understanding of how creative learning is implemented during university studies. 143 university students of pedagogical studies participated in the questionnaire survey. The research revealed the academic and personal development of students and their progress: students acquire sufficient knowledge and successfully assimilate it; they are aware of the development of their creativity and skills; the students’ strong point is the social and emotional competence. Challenges to creative learning emerged: students still lack the ability to motivate themselves; they do not sufficiently understand the interconnections between individual course units; students are not yet active enough participants in the educational process. Senior students assessed their creative learning better than junior students.
Keywords:
assessment of one’s learning, creative learning, creativity, pedagogical studies, students, university studiesHow to Cite
Share
License
Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Vilnius Gediminas Technical University.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Acomi, N., Acomi, O., Akceviz Ova, N., Akilli, A., Anlar, E., Arevalo Martinez, H., Arisoy, P., Dinc, M. N., Koca, I., Kurt, H., Marzano, F., Nur Akarcay, Y., Ochoa Siguencia, L., Pellegrino, A., Yucel, Ö., & Zorzi, S. (2020). Creativity and arts in digital social innovation (Project: New Dimensions of the disruptive impact on the art and creativity in digital social innovation – cooperation for innovation and exchange of good practices. Document: KA227 – Partnerships for creativity. 2020-1-TR01-KA227-ADU-097776 (D3)). Zenodo. https://zenodo.org/records/8052835
Beghetto, R. A. (2019). Creative learning and the possible. In V. P. Glăveanu (Ed.-in-Chief), The Palgrave encyclopedia of the possible (pp. 1–8). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98390-5_57-1
Beghetto, R. A. (2021). Creative learning in education. In M. L. Kern & M. L. Wehmeyer (Eds.), The Palgrave handbook of positive education (pp. 473–492). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64537-3_19
Beghetto, R. A., & Schuh, K. L. (2020). Exploring the connection between imagination and creativity in academic learning. In D. D. Preiss, Cosmelli, D., & Kaufman, J. C. (Eds.). Explorations in creativity research. Creativity and the wandering mind: Spontaneous and controlled cognition (pp. 249–267). J. C. Kaufman (Series Ed.). Elsevier/Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-816400-6.00011-0
Bousinakis, D., & Halkos, G. (2021). Creativity as the hidden development factor for organizations and employees. Economic Analysis and Policy, 71, 645–659. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eap.2021.07.003
Burner, T. (2018). Why is educational change so difficult and how can we make it more effective? Forskning og Forandring, 1(1), 122–134. https://doi.org/10.23865/fof.v1.1081
Chishti, R., & Jehangir, F. (2014). Positive effects of elementary visual art on problem solving ability in later years of life. FWU Journal of Social Sciences, 8(1), 83–88.
E-tar.lt. (2025). Įsakymas dėl švietimo, mokslo ir sporto ministro 2022 m. rugpjūčio 24 d. įsakymo nr. V-1269 „Dėl priešmokyklinio, pradinio, pagrindinio ir vidurinio ugdymo bendrųjų programų patvirtinimo“ pakeitimo. https://www.e-tar.lt/portal/lt/legalAct/299cefb1c8fc11f08918e1adc7c5b1ec
Elisondo, R. C. (2025). Creativity and teacher education curricula in Argentina. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2025.101811
Ellis, S. (2009, May 28–29). Creative Learning Assessment (CLA): A framework for developing and assessing children’s creative learning. In E. Villalba (Ed.), Measuring Creativity: Proceedings for the Conference Can Creativity Be Measured? (pp. 315–325), Brussels, Belgium. Publications Office of the European Union.
Fergusson, L. (2022). Learning by… knowledge and skills acquisition through work-based learning and research. Journal of Work-Applied Management, 14(2), 184–199. https://doi.org/10.1108/JWAM-12-2021-0065
Gajda, A., Beghetto, R. A., & Karwowski, M. (2017). Exploring creative learning in the classroom: A multi-method approach. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 24, 250–267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2017.04.002
Harold, K. J. (2024). The importance of creative thought in young children. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 12, 120–130. https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2024.125008
Hatamleh, H. M. (2015). Uprising of creation in education. Journal of Education and Practice, 6(14), 114–128.
Kardelis, K. (2002). Mokslinių tyrimų metodologija ir metodai. Judex.
Karwowski, M., Jankowska, D. M., Brzeski, A., Czerwonka, M., Gajda, A., Lebuda, I., & Beghetto, R. A. (2020). Delving into creativity and learning. Creativity Research Journal, 32(1), 4–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2020.1712165
Kimhi, Y., & Geronik, L. (2020). Creativity promotion in an excellence program for preservice teacher candidates. Journal of Teacher Education, 71(5), 505–517. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487119873863
Kupers, E., Lehmann-Wermser, A., McPherson, G., & Geert, van P. (2019). Children’s creativity: A theoretical framework and systematic review. Review of Educational Research, 89(1), 93–124. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654318815707
Lamb, K. N., & Dekelaita-Mullet, D. (2022). Creativity. In J. Link Roberts, T. Ford Inman, & J. H. Robins (Eds.), Introduction to gifted education (pp. 289–299). A Prufrock Press/Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003235866-22
Li, W. (2023). On the role of creativity in the application-oriented university students’ engagement and success. Heliyon, 9(6). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17374
Liu, X., Gu, J., & Xu, J. (2024). The impact of the design thinking model on pre-service teachers’ creativity self-efficacy, inventive problem-solving skills, and technology-related motivation. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 34, 167–190. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10798-023-09809-x
Lunevich, L. (2021). Creativity in teaching and teaching for creativity in engineering and science in higher education – revisiting Vygotsky’s psychology of art. Creative Education, 12, 1445–1457. https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2021.127110
Matraeva, A. D., Rybakova, M. V., Vinichenko, M. V., Oseev, A. A., & Ljapunova, N. V. (2020). Development of creativity of students in higher educational institutions: Assessment of students and experts. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8(1), 8–16. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2020.080102
Mazeh, Y. (2020). What is creativity and why it is so important? Open Access Library Journal, 7. https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1105562
McConnell Rogers, M. (2021). Teaching-to-learn: Its effects on conceptual knowledge learning in university students. International Journal of Innovative Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.4018/IJITLHE.289863
Moher, D., Bouter, L., Kleinert, S., Glasziou, P., Sham, M. H., Barbour, V., Coriat, A.-M., Foeger, M., & Dirnagl, U. (2020). The Hong Kong principles for assessing researchers: Fostering research integrity. PLoS Biology, 18(7). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3000737
Munna, A. S., & Kalam, Md A. (2021). Teaching and learning process to enhance teaching effectiveness: A literature review. International Journal of Humanities and Innovation, 4(1), 1–4.
Resnik, D. B. (2018). International library of ethics, law, and the new medicine. The ethics of research with human subjects: Protecting people, advancing science, promoting trust (Vol. 74). D. N. Weisstub & D. R. Cooley (Series Eds.). Springer International Publishing AG. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68756-8
Rothenberg, A. (2015). Flight from wonder: An investigation of scientific creativity. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199988792.001.0001
Rupšienė, L., & Rutkienė, A. (2016). Edukacinis eksperimentas. Klaipėdos universiteto leidykla.
Salum Tome, L. M. (2023). Educational process as something dynamic. Philosophy Study, 13(5), 220–228. https://doi.org/10.17265/2159-5313/2023.05.005
Sawyer, R. K. (2012). Explaining creativity: The science of human innovation. Oxford University Press.
Stolz, R. C., Tucker Blackmon, A., Engerman, K., Tonge, L., & McKayle, C. A. (2022). Poised for creativity: Benefits of exposing undergraduate students to creative problem-solving to moderate change in creative self-efficacy and academic achievement. Journal of Creativity, 32(2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yjoc.2022.100024
Tusheva, V. (2021). The phenomenon of a future teacher’s scientific-research culture under the new socio-cultural conditions. Journal for Educators, Teachers and Trainers, 12(1), 155–160. https://doi.org/10.47750/jett.2021.12.01.019
Ulferts, H. (Ed.). (2021). Educational research and innovation. Teaching as a knowledge profession: Studying pedagogical knowledge across education systems. OECD Publishing.
Vaičekauskaitė, R. (2023). Mokslinių tyrimų metodologijos diskursas. Klaipėdos universiteto leidykla.
Ventista, O. M., & Brown, Ch. (2023). Teachers’ professional learning and its impact on students’ learning outcomes: Findings from a systematic review. Social Sciences and Humanities Open, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100565
Wedel, M. (2023). Education for ever changing times: The on-going quest for the best solutions in a post-modern world. Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research, 36(3), 357–360. https://doi.org/10.1080/13511610.2023.2240091
Yao-Ping Peng, M., Feng, Y., Zhao, X., & Chong, W. (2021). Use of knowledge transfer theory to improve learning outcomes of cognitive and non-cognitive skills of university students: Evidence from Taiwan. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.583722
Zamiri, M., & Esmaeili, A. (2024). Methods and technologies for supporting knowledge sharing within learning communities: A systematic literature review. Administrative Sciences, 14. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci14010017
View article in other formats
CrossMark check
Published
Issue
Section
Copyright
Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Vilnius Gediminas Technical University.
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.