Visualising anthropomorphism as a creative communicative mode in Samit Basu and Ashish Padlekar’s The Tall Tales of Vishnu Sharma: Panchatantra
Abstract
In today’s ocular-centric era, vision and visuality play a significant role in representing ideas. This article analyses anthropomorphism as a communicative mode that helps readers comprehend a story’s underlying meaning, using a socio-semiotics metafunction as a lens. The study focuses on Samit Basu and Ashish Padlekar’s adaptation of the famous Panchatantra collection, The Tall Tales of Vishnu Sharma: Panchatantra (published in 2015), where creatures with the ability to speak are the central characters. This story emphasises a diverse group of characters from the world of Panchatantra who communicate their problems to Vishnu Sharma, their chosen guardian, through the transformation of animals into humans. Through the use of animated letters, mascots, and anthropomorphic parameters, barriers can be eliminated in a creative approach. The paper underscores the significance of studying signs and interpreting visually represented social phenomena in order to articulate culture, society, and historical context. The research is divided into two sections: the first section explores the function of images by analysing image artefacts that question the presence of anthropomorphism. In contrast, the second section introduces the four degrees of anthropomorphism and their characteristics. The hypothesis posits that anthropomorphism can effectively convey meaning, especially in stories aimed at children. This study seeks to contribute to a greater comprehension of the use of anthropomorphism as a creative mode of communication in contemporary literature.
Keyword : anthropomorphism, communicative mode, creative adaptation, graphic novel, socio-semiotics
How to Cite
J S, C. R., & R, B. (2025). Visualising anthropomorphism as a creative communicative mode in Samit Basu and Ashish Padlekar’s The Tall Tales of Vishnu Sharma: Panchatantra. Creativity Studies, 18(1), 43–63. https://doi.org/10.3846/cs.2025.16652
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
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Basu, S., & Padlekar, A. (2015). The Tall Tales of Vishnu Sharma: Panchatantra #1–5. Graphic India.
Berlo, D. K. (1966). The process of communication: An introduction to theory and practice. Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Bezemer, J., & Jewitt, C. (2009). Social semiotics. In J. Verschueren, J.-O. Östman, J. Blommaert, & Ch. Bulcaen (Eds.), Online resources collection. Handbook of pragmatics online (Vol. 13, pp. 1–14). John Benjamins Publishing Company. https://doi.org/10.1075/hop.13.soc5
Daston, L., & Mitman, G. (Eds.). (2006). Thinking with animals: New perspectives on anthropomorphism. Columbia University Press.
Deriu, D. (2012). Transforming ideas into pictures: Model photography and modern architecture. In A. Higgott & T. Wray (Eds.), Camera constructs: Photography, architecture and the modern city (pp. 159–178). Ashgate Publishing Limited.
DiSalvo, C., Gemperle, F., & Forlizzi, J. (2004). Imitating the human form. In J. Redmond, D. Durling, & de A. Bono (Eds.), Futureground – Design Research Society International Conference 2004 (pp. 69–78). Monash University Press.
Duck, S., & McMahan, D. T. (2009). The basics of communication: A relational perspective. SAGE Publications, Inc.
Duffy, B. R. (2003). Anthropomorphism and the social robot. Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 42(3–4), 177–190. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8890(02)00374-3
Dydynski, J. M. (2021). Semiotic modeling of cuteness in cartoon characters/mascots. In Dissertationes Semioticae Universitatis Tartuensis (Vol. 36) [PhD/Doctoral Dissertation, University of Tartu, Estonia]. University of Tartu Press.
Emslie, P. (2007). If I could talk to the animals. The Cartoon Cave. https://cartooncave.blogspot.com/2007/08/if-i-could-talk-to-animals.html
Epley, N., Waytz, A., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2007). On seeing human: A three-factor theory of anthropomorphism. Psychological Review, 114(4), 864–886. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.114.4.864
Fischman, G. E. (2001). Reflections about images, visual culture, and educational research. Educational Researcher, 30(8), 28–33. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X030008028
Fisher, J. A. (1991). Disambiguating anthropomorphism: An interdisciplinary review. In P. P. G. Bateson & P. H. Klopfer (Eds.), Human Understanding and Animal Awareness. Perspectives in ethology (Vol. 9, pp. 49–85). Plenum Publishing Corporation.
Ganea, P. A., Canfield, C. F., Simons-Ghafari, K., & Chou, T. (2014). Do cavies talk? The effect of anthropomorphic picture books on children’s knowledge about animals. Frontiers in Psychology, 5. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00283
Gebhard, U., Nevers, P., & Billmann-Mahecha, E. (2003). Moralizing trees: Anthropomorphism and identity in children’s relationships to nature. In S. Clayton & S. Opotow (Eds.), Identity and the natural environment: The psychological significance of nature (pp. 91–112). The MIT Press. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/3644.003.0007
Gombrich, E. H. (1994). The image and the eye: Further studies in the psychology of pictorial representation. Phaidon Press.
Gopnik, A. (2009). The philosophical baby: What children’s minds tell us about truth, love, and the meaning of life. Picador/Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
Guthrie, S. E. (1997). Anthropomorphism: A definition and a theory. In R. W. Mitchell, N. S. Thompson, & H. L. Miles (Eds.), Anthropomorphism, anecdotes, and animals (pp. 50–58). State University of New York Press.
Halliday, M. A. K. (1978). Language as social semiotic: The social interpretation of language and meaning. University Park Press.
Hodge, R., & Kress, G. (1988). Social semiotics. Cornell University Press.
Iordanaki, L. (2021). Older children’s responses to wordless picturebooks: Making connections. Children’s Literature in Education, 52, 493–510. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10583-020-09424-7
J S, C. R., & R, B. (2022). Anthropomorphism in Indian visual narratives. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 12(9), 1811–1818. https://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1209.14
J S, C. R., & R, B. (2020). Storytelling among children: A survey. Journal of Critical Reviews, 7(15), 36–43.
Johannessen, J.-A. (2021). Emerald points. Communication as social theory: The social side of knowledge management. Emerald Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1108/9781800439849
Jörling, M., Böhm, R., & Paluch, S. (2020). Mechanisms and consequences of anthropomorphizing autonomous products. Schmalenbach Business Review, 72, 485–510. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41464-020-00100-3
Kellogg Markowsky, J. (1975). Why anthropomorphism in children’s literature? Elementary English, 52(4), 460–462, 466.
Knight, J. (Ed.). (2005). Animals in person: Cultural perspectives on human–animal intimacies. Berg.
Kress, G. (2010). Multimodality: A social semiotic approach to communication. Routledge.
Kress, G., & Leeuwen, van Th. (2005). Reading images: The grammar of visual design. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203619728
Leeuwen, van Th., & Jewitt, C. (Eds.). (2004). The handbook of visual analysis. SAGE Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9780857020062
Lesher, J. H. (2001). Xenophanes of colophon: Fragments. University of Toronto Press.
Lewis, C. S. (2008). The chronicles of Narnia. Book 1: The lion, the witch and the wardrobe. HarperCollins.
Lewis, C. S. (2002a). The chronicles of Narnia. Book 2: Prince Caspian. HarperCollins.
Lewis, C. S. (2002b). The chronicles of Narnia. Book 4: The silver chair. HarperCollins.
Lewis, C. S. (2002c). The chronicles of Narnia. Book 5: The horse and his boy. HarperCollins.
Lewis, C. S. (2002d). The chronicles of Narnia. Book 6: The magician’s nephew. HarperCollins.
Lewis, C. S. (2002e). The chronicles of Narnia. Book 7: The last battle. HarperCollins.
Lewis, C. S. (1994). The chronicles of Narnia. Book 3: The voyage of the dawn treader. HarperCollins.
Mar, R. A., & Oatley, K. (2008). The function of fiction is the abstraction and simulation of social experience. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 3(3), 173–192. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6924.2008.00073.x
Marriott, S. (2002). Red in tooth and claw? Images of nature in modern picture books. Children’s Literature in Education, 33, 175–183. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1019677931406
Mayer, R. E. (2003). The promise of multimedia learning: Using the same instructional design methods across different media. Learning and Instruction, 13(2), 125–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0959-4752(02)00016-6
Melion, W. S., Rothstein, B., & Weemans, M. (Eds.). (2015). Intersections: Interdisciplinary studies in early modern culture. The anthropomorphic lens: Anthropomorphism, microcosmism and analogy in early modern thought and visual arts (Vol. 34). K. A. E. Enenkel (Series General Ed.). BRILL. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004275034
Mietzner, U., Myers, K., & Peim, N. (Eds.). (2005). Visual history: Images of education. Peter Lang.
Mirzoeff, N. (1999). An introduction to visual culture. Psychology Press.
Nowak, K. L. (2004). The influence of anthropomorphism and agency on social judgment in virtual environments. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2004.tb00284.x
Peacock, A. (2004). Eco-literacy for primary schools. Trentham Books Ltd.
O’Toole, M. (1994). The language of displayed art. Fairleigh Dickinson University Press.
Orwell, G. 2009. Animal farm. Transaction Publishers.
Parkinson, C. (2020). Routledge human–animal studies series. Animals, anthropomorphism and mediated encounters. H. Buller (Series Ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429203244
Paul, E. S. (2000). Empathy with animals and with humans: Are they linked? Anthrozoös: A Multidisciplinary Journal of the Interactions between People and Other Animals, 13(4), 194–202. https://doi.org/10.2752/089279300786999699
Ramos, A. M., & Ramos, R. (2011). Ecoliteracy through imagery: A close reading of two wordless picture books. Children’s Literature in Education, 42(4), 325–339. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10583-011-9142-3
Reid, D. J. (1990). The role of pictures in learning biology: Part 2, picture–text processing. Journal of Biological Education, 24(4), 251–258. https://doi.org/10.1080/00219266.1990.9655153
Ritchie, Ch. (Ed.). (2016). Exploring children’s learning: 3–11 years. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315641164
Roberts, D. F., & Foehr, U. G. (2008). Trends in media use. The Future of Children, 18(1), 11–37. https://doi.org/10.1353/foc.0.0000
Schoen, E. L. (1990). Anthropomorphic concepts of God. Religious Studies, 26(1), 123–139. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0034412500020254
Shaman, N. J., Saide, A. R., & Richert, R. A. (2018). Dimensional structure of and variation in anthropomorphic concepts of God. Frontiers in Psychology, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01425
Signal, T. D., & Taylor, N. (2007). Attitude to animals and empathy: Comparing animal protection and general community samples. Anthrozoös: A Multidisciplinary Journal of the Interactions between People and Other Animals, 20(2), 125–130. https://doi.org/10.2752/175303707X207918
Stokes, S. (2002). Visual literacy in teaching and learning: A literature perspective. Electronic Journal for the Integration of Technology in Education, 1(1), 10–19.
Strouse, G. A., Nyhout, A., & Ganea, P. A. (2018). The role of book features in young children’s transfer of information from picture books to real-world contexts. Frontiers in Psychology, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00050
Sundar, S. Sh. (2008). The MAIN model: A heuristic approach to understanding technology effects on credibility. In M. J. Metzger & A. J. Flanagin (Eds.), The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur foundation series on digital media and learning. Digital media, youth, and credibility (pp. 73–100). The MIT Press.
Syed-Ahmad, Sh. F., Musa, G., Klobas, J. E., & Murphy, J. (2013). Audience response to travel photos and Arab destination image. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 30(1–2), 161–164. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2013.751279
Tarif, J. (2022). Collective and corrective memories of a classic: Mapping Oliver Twist’s memory of translation. In Sh. Deane-Cox & A. Spiessens (Eds.), Routledge handbooks. The Routledge handbook of translation and memory (pp. 297–312). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003273417-22
Taylor, M., & Carlson, S. M. (1997). The relation between individual differences in fantasy and theory of mind. Child Development, 68(3), 436–455. https://doi.org/10.2307/1131670
Unsworth, L., & Wheeler, J. (2002). Re-valuing the role of images in reviewing picture books. Reading, 36(2), 68–74. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9345.00189
Urquiza-Haas, E. G., & Kotrschal, K. (2015). The mind behind anthropomorphic thinking: Attribution of mental states to other species. Animal Behaviour, 109, 167–176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2015.08.011
Waxman, S. R., Herrmann, P., Woodring, J., & Medin, D. L. (2014). Humans (really) are animals: Picture-book reading influences 5-year-old urban children’s construal of the relation between humans and non-human animals. Frontiers in Psychology, 5. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00172
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