Bibliometric and visualized analysis of work engagement in business management
Abstract
Within business management, the growing interest in work engagement stems from its recognised role in mitigating employee well-being, bolstering job satisfaction, and optimising organisational outcomes. This review comprehensively explores the knowledge structure of work engagement in business management, analysing 563 publications from the Scopus database spanning 2005 to 2023 through performance analysis, co-citation analysis, co-authorship analysis, keyword co-occurrence analysis, and content analysis. This review outlines prevailing trends and identifies influential scholars, articles, institutions, and leading countries. It illuminates the current state of scientific collaboration, providing a rationale for developing countries to seek academic cooperation with developed countries. Additionally, it delves into six current themes and four future directions, providing a robust theoretical framework for future research endeavours.
Keyword : bibliometric review, work engagement, cluster analysis, future trends, intellectual structure, business management
How to Cite
Zhang, Z., Mohamed, R., Rahman, R. A., & Dong, T. (2025). Bibliometric and visualized analysis of work engagement in business management. Business: Theory and Practice, 26(1), 162–175. https://doi.org/10.3846/btp.2025.21416
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
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Andrulli, R., & Gerards, R. (2023). How new ways of working during COVID-19 affect employee well-being via technostress, need for recovery, and work engagement. Computers in Human Behavior, 139, Article 107560. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2022.107560
Bakker, A. B. (2022). The social psychology of work engagement: State of the field. Career Development International, 27(1), 36–53. https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-08-2021-0213
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Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Sanz-Vergel, A. (2023). Job demands–resources theory: Ten years later. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 10(1), 25–53. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-120920-053933
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Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Verbeke, W. (2004). Using the job demands-resources model to predict burnout and performance. Human Resource Management, 43(1), 83–104. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.20004
Bakker, A. B., Emmerik, H. van, & Euwema, M. C. (2006). Crossover of burnout and engagement in work teams. Work and Occupations, 33(4), 464–489. https://doi.org/10.1177/0730888406291310
Beltrán-Martín, I., Guinot-Reinders, J., & Rodríguez-Sánchez, A. M. (2023). Employee psychological conditions as mediators of the relationship between human resource management and employee work engagement. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 34(11), 2331–2365. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2022.2078990
Canboy, B., Tillou, C., Barzantny, C., Gueclue, B., & Benichoux, F. (2023). The impact of perceived organizational support on work meaningfulness, engagement, and perceived stress in France. European Management Journal, 41(1), 90–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2021.12.004
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Den Hartog, D. N., & Belschak, F. D. (2012). Work engagement and Machiavellianism in the ethical leadership process. Journal of Business Ethics, 107, 35–47. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-012-1296-4
Farley, S., Mokhtar, D., Ng, K., & Niven, K. (2023). What influences the relationship between workplace bullying and employee well-being? A systematic review of moderators. Work & Stress, 37(3), 345–372. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2023.2169968
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Han, Y., Yang, Y., & Mohamed, R. (2022). A bibliometric analysis of work engagement in the hospitality and tourism industry. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, 6(5), 1946–1966. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTI-06-2022-0235
Harzing, A. W. (2007) Publish or perish. https://harzing.com/resources/publish-or-perish
Hobfoll, S. E. (1989). Conservation of resources: A new attempt at conceptualizing stress. American Psychologist, 44(3), 513–524. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.44.3.513
Homans, G. (1958). Social behavior as exchange. American Journal of Sociology, 63(6), 597–606. https://doi.org/10.1086/222355
Imam, A., & Kim, D.-Y. (2023). Ethical leadership and improved work behaviors: A moderated mediation model using prosocial silence and organizational commitment as mediators and employee engagement as moderator. Current Psychology, 42(13), 10519–10532. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-02631-5
Jasinski, A. M., & Derbis, R. (2023). Social support at work and job satisfaction among midwives: The mediating role of positive affect and work engagement. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 79(1), 149–160. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.15462
Jawad, M., Naz, M., & Rizwan, S. (2023). Leadership support, innovative work behavior, employee work engagement, and corporate reputation: Examining the effect of female in not government organizations. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 30(2), 708–719. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.2383
Kahn, W. A. (1990). Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work. Academy of Management Journal, 33(4), 692–724. https://doi.org/10.2307/256287
Kanjanakan, P., Zhu, D., Doan, T., & Kim, P. B. (2023). Taking stock: A meta-analysis of work engagement in the hospitality and tourism context. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 47(5), 851–876. https://doi.org/10.1177/10963480211066958
Karatepe, O. M., & Kim, T. T. (2023). Job crafting and critical work-related performance outcomes among cabin attendants: Sequential mediation impacts of calling orientation and work engagement. Tourism Management Perspectives, 45, Article 101065. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2022.101065
Karatepe, T., Ozturen, A., Karatepe, O. M., Uner, M. M., & Kim, T. T. (2022). Management commitment to the ecological environment, green work engagement and their effects on hotel employees’ green work outcomes. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 34(8), 3084–3112. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-10-2021-1242
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Kumar, V. K., & Weil, P. D. (1998). The truth about burnout: How organizations cause personal stress and what to do about it. Personnel Psychology, 51(2), Article 542.
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Petrou, P., Demerouti, E., Peeters, M. C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Hetland, J. (2012). Crafting a job on a daily basis: Contextual correlates and the link to work engagement. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 33(8), 1120–1141. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.1783
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Alfes, K., Shantz, A. D., Truss, C., & Soane, E. C. (2013). The link between perceived human resource management practices, engagement and employee behaviour: A moderated mediation model. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 24(2), 330–351. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2012.679950
Ali, I., Balta, M., & Papadopoulos, T. (2023). Social media platforms and social enterprise: Bibliometric analysis and systematic review. International Journal of Information Management, 69, Article 102510. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2022.102510
Altaf, A., & Masrek, M. (2021). Visualizing the knowledge domain of work engagement through bibliometric analysis. Library Philosophy and Practice (e-Journal). https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/5300
Ampofo, E. T., & Karatepe, O. M. (2022). The effects of on-the-job embeddedness and its sub-dimensions on small-sized hotel employees’ organizational commitment, work engagement and turnover intentions. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 34(2), 509–533. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-07-2021-0858
Andrulli, R., & Gerards, R. (2023). How new ways of working during COVID-19 affect employee well-being via technostress, need for recovery, and work engagement. Computers in Human Behavior, 139, Article 107560. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2022.107560
Bakker, A. B. (2022). The social psychology of work engagement: State of the field. Career Development International, 27(1), 36–53. https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-08-2021-0213
Bakker, A. B., & Albrecht, S. (2018). Work engagement: Current trends. Career Development International, 23(1), 4–11. https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-11-2017-0207
Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Sanz-Vergel, A. (2023). Job demands–resources theory: Ten years later. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 10(1), 25–53. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-120920-053933
Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2005). The crossover of burnout and work engagement among working couples. Human Relations, 58(5), 661–689. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726705055967
Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Verbeke, W. (2004). Using the job demands-resources model to predict burnout and performance. Human Resource Management, 43(1), 83–104. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.20004
Bakker, A. B., Emmerik, H. van, & Euwema, M. C. (2006). Crossover of burnout and engagement in work teams. Work and Occupations, 33(4), 464–489. https://doi.org/10.1177/0730888406291310
Beltrán-Martín, I., Guinot-Reinders, J., & Rodríguez-Sánchez, A. M. (2023). Employee psychological conditions as mediators of the relationship between human resource management and employee work engagement. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 34(11), 2331–2365. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2022.2078990
Canboy, B., Tillou, C., Barzantny, C., Gueclue, B., & Benichoux, F. (2023). The impact of perceived organizational support on work meaningfulness, engagement, and perceived stress in France. European Management Journal, 41(1), 90–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2021.12.004
Christian, M. S., Garza, A. S., & Slaughter, J. E. (2011). Work engagement: A quantitative review and test of its relations with task and contextual performance. Personnel Psychology, 64(1), 89–136. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2010.01203.x
Demerouti, E., & Bakker, A. B. (2022). Job demands-resources theory in times of crises: New propositions. Organizational Psychology Review, 13(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/20413866221135022
Den Hartog, D. N., & Belschak, F. D. (2012). Work engagement and Machiavellianism in the ethical leadership process. Journal of Business Ethics, 107, 35–47. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-012-1296-4
Farley, S., Mokhtar, D., Ng, K., & Niven, K. (2023). What influences the relationship between workplace bullying and employee well-being? A systematic review of moderators. Work & Stress, 37(3), 345–372. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2023.2169968
Gallup, I. (2025). Indicator: Employee engagement. https://www.gallup.com/394373/indicator-employee-engagement.aspx
Guo, R., Hu, D., Liu, D., Jiang, Q., & Qiu, J. (2023). MXene nanomaterials in biomedicine: A bibliometric perspective. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 11, Article 1184275. https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2023.1184275
Han, Y., Yang, Y., & Mohamed, R. (2022). A bibliometric analysis of work engagement in the hospitality and tourism industry. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, 6(5), 1946–1966. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTI-06-2022-0235
Harzing, A. W. (2007) Publish or perish. https://harzing.com/resources/publish-or-perish
Hobfoll, S. E. (1989). Conservation of resources: A new attempt at conceptualizing stress. American Psychologist, 44(3), 513–524. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.44.3.513
Homans, G. (1958). Social behavior as exchange. American Journal of Sociology, 63(6), 597–606. https://doi.org/10.1086/222355
Imam, A., & Kim, D.-Y. (2023). Ethical leadership and improved work behaviors: A moderated mediation model using prosocial silence and organizational commitment as mediators and employee engagement as moderator. Current Psychology, 42(13), 10519–10532. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-02631-5
Jasinski, A. M., & Derbis, R. (2023). Social support at work and job satisfaction among midwives: The mediating role of positive affect and work engagement. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 79(1), 149–160. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.15462
Jawad, M., Naz, M., & Rizwan, S. (2023). Leadership support, innovative work behavior, employee work engagement, and corporate reputation: Examining the effect of female in not government organizations. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 30(2), 708–719. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.2383
Kahn, W. A. (1990). Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work. Academy of Management Journal, 33(4), 692–724. https://doi.org/10.2307/256287
Kanjanakan, P., Zhu, D., Doan, T., & Kim, P. B. (2023). Taking stock: A meta-analysis of work engagement in the hospitality and tourism context. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 47(5), 851–876. https://doi.org/10.1177/10963480211066958
Karatepe, O. M., & Kim, T. T. (2023). Job crafting and critical work-related performance outcomes among cabin attendants: Sequential mediation impacts of calling orientation and work engagement. Tourism Management Perspectives, 45, Article 101065. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2022.101065
Karatepe, T., Ozturen, A., Karatepe, O. M., Uner, M. M., & Kim, T. T. (2022). Management commitment to the ecological environment, green work engagement and their effects on hotel employees’ green work outcomes. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 34(8), 3084–3112. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-10-2021-1242
Kişi, N. (2023). Bibliometric analysis and visualization of global research on employee engagement. Sustainability, 15(13), Article 10196. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151310196
Klemp, N. (2022, August 10). 5 employee engagement trends in the post COVID era. 15Five. https://www.15five.com/blog/employee-engagement-trends-in-the-era-of-coronavirus/
Knight, C., Patterson, M., & Dawson, J. (2017). Building work engagement: A systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the effectiveness of work engagement interventions. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 38(6), 792–812. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2167
Knight, C., Patterson, M., & Dawson, J. (2019). Work engagement interventions can be effective: A systematic review. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 28(3), 348–372. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2019.1588887
Kumar, V. K., & Weil, P. D. (1998). The truth about burnout: How organizations cause personal stress and what to do about it. Personnel Psychology, 51(2), Article 542.
Kwon, K., & Kim, T. (2020). An integrative literature review of employee engagement and innovative behavior: Revisiting the JD-R model. Human Resource Management Review, 30(2), Article 100704. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2019.100704
Leder, T. D., Baucic, M., Leder, N., & Gilic, F. (2023). Optical satellite-derived bathymetry: An overview and WoS and Scopus bibliometric analysis. Remote Sensing, 15(5), Article 1294. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15051294
Lee, S. E., Ju, N., & Lee, K.-H. (2023). Service chatbot: Co-citation and big data analysis toward a review and research agenda. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 194, Article 122722. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2023.122722
Lee, W. J., Sok, P., & Mao, S. (2022). When and why does competitive psychological climate affect employee engagement and burnout? Journal of Vocational Behavior, 139, Article 103810. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2022.103810
Mitrović, I., Mišić, M., & Protić, J. (2023). Exploring high scientific productivity in international co-authorship of a small developing country based on collaboration patterns. Journal of Big Data, 10(1), Article 64. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40537-023-00744-1
Obschonka, M., Pavez, I., Kautonen, T., Kibler, E., Salmela-Aro, K., & Wincent, J. (2023). Job burnout and work engagement in entrepreneurs: How the psychological utility of entrepreneurship drives healthy engagement. Journal of Business Venturing, 38(2), Article 106272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2022.106272
Ok, C. M., & Lim, S. E. (2022). Job crafting to innovative and extra-role behaviors: A serial mediation through fit perceptions and work engagement. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 106, Article 103288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2022.103288
Petrou, P., Demerouti, E., Peeters, M. C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Hetland, J. (2012). Crafting a job on a daily basis: Contextual correlates and the link to work engagement. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 33(8), 1120–1141. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.1783
Qi, J. (Miracle), Wang, S., & Lindsey Hall, K. K. (2023). Bridging employee engagement and customer engagement in a service context. Journal of Business Research, 160, Article 113803. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.113803
Reiche, S. B., Dimitrova, M., Westman, M., Chen, S., Wurtz, O., Lazarova, M., & Shaffer, M. A. (2023). Expatriate work role engagement and the work-family interface: A conditional crossover and spillover perspective. Human Relations, 76(3), 452–482. https://doi.org/10.1177/00187267211046816
Salanova, M., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2008). A cross-national study of work engagement as a mediator between job resources and proactive behaviour. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 19(1), 116–131. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585190701763982
Shuck, B., Reio Jr, T. G., & Rocco, T. S. (2011). Employee engagement: An examination of antecedent and outcome variables. Human Resource Development International, 14(4), 427–445. https://doi.org/10.1080/13678868.2011.601587
Shuck, B., & Wollard, K. (2010). Employee engagement and HRD: A seminal review of the foundations. Human Resource Development Review, 9(1), 89–110. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484309353560
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