The assessment algorithm of technological feasibility of SOx scrubber installation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2016.1152298Abstract
The problematics of installation of sulphur oxides (SOx) scrubber becomes much relevant for today due to the new Annex VI of MARPOL 73/78 requirements, which sets 0.1% SOx limits by 2015 in Emission Control Area (ECA) and globally to 0.5% in 2020. The research in this field becomes more significant for ship-owners. SOx scrubber is most promising alternative because of lower operating costs and suitability to existing ships. Despite the fact that exhausts gas scrubbing is a common and proven technology on land, the conditions on ships differ significantly and still there are not enough practical knowledge of installation of mentioned equipment. In addition, speaking about existing ships there are some limitation factors of SOx scrubber installation on-board, which will be discussed in the paper. Taking into account the size and mass of the SOx scrubber, it can be assumed that the recalculation of ship stability will be required for most ships. Therefore, the most important task for equipment designers is selection of scrubber system location with the minimum impact on ship stability and identification of necessary changes (deadweight, additional space, etc.) in accordance with ship safety requirements. For this reason, the research was carried-out in order to create the algorithm of ship stability assessment and selection of optimal scrubber location on-board.
First published online 29 March 2016
Keywords:
MARPOL 73/78 Annex VI, SOx scrubbers, optimal location, ship stability, heel, trim, metacentreHow to Cite
Panasiuk, I., Lebedevas, S., & Čerka, J. (2018). The assessment algorithm of technological feasibility of SOx scrubber installation. Transport, 33(1), 197-207. https://doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2016.1152298
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Copyright (c) 2016 The Author(s). Published by Vilnius Gediminas Technical University.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
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Biran A.; López-Pulido, R. 2014. Ship Hydrostatics and Stability. Butterworth-Heinemann. 416 p.
Brynolf, S.; Magnusson, M.; Fridell, E.; Andersson, K. 2014. Compliance possibilities for the future ECA regulations through the use of abatement technologies or change of fuels, Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 28: 6–18. <a target="_blank" href= "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2013.12.001"> http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2013.12.001</a>
Caiazzo, G.; Di Nardo, A.; Langella, G.; Scala, F. 2012. Seawater scrubbing desulfurization: A model for SO2 absorption in fall-down droplets, Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy 31(2): 277–287. <a target="_blank" href= "http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ep.10541"> http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ep.10541</a>
DFDS Seaways. 2014. Scrubber Conversion Project. Available from Internet: <a target="_blank" href= "http://www.dfdsgroup.com">http://www.dfdsgroup.com</a>
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Fridell, E.; Steen, E.; Peterson, K. 2008. Primary particles in ship emissions, Atmospheric Environment 42(6): 1160–1168. <a target="_blank" href= "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.10.042"> http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.10.042</a>
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Glosten. 2011. Exhaust Gas Cleaning Systems Selection Guide. The Glosten Associates, Consulting Engineers Serving the Marine Community, US. 154 p.
IACS. 2016. Requirements Concerning Strength of Ships. International Association of Classification Societies (IACS). 365 p. Available from Internet: <a target="_blank" href= "http://www.iacs.org.uk/document/public/Publications/Unified_requirements/PDF/UR_S_pdf158.PDF">http://www.iacs.org.uk/document/public/Publications/Unified_requirements/PDF/UR_S_pdf158.PDF</a>
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ISO 8178-1:2006. Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines – Exhaust Emission Measurement – Part 1: Test-Bed Measurement of Gaseous and Particulate Exhaust Emissions.
Kannan, A. 2014. Flue gas desulfurization: removal of SOx from exhaust flue gases in ships and industries, International Journal of Applied Engineering Research 9(18): 3875–3892.
Kruse, C. 2012. Challenges for Shipping Industry Could New Fuels and Scrubbers be the Answer? Stena Line Denmark. 22 p. Available from Internet: <a target="_blank" href= "http://en.marcod.dk/images/pdf/slides_konf/CarstenKruse-StenaLine.pdf">http://en.marcod.dk/images/pdf/slides_konf/CarstenKruse-StenaLine.pdf</a>
Lack, A. D.; Thuesen, J.; Elliot, R. 2012. Investigation of Appropriate Control Measures (Abatement Technologies) to Reduce Black Carbon Emissions from International Shipping. Study Report. 118 p. Available from Internet: <a target="_blank" href= "http://www.imo.org/OurWork/Environment/pollutionprevention/air-pollution/documents/air%20pollution/report%20imo%20black%20carbon%20final%20report%2020%20november%202012.pdf">http://www.imo.org/OurWork/Environment/pollutionprevention/air-pollution/documents/air%20pollution/report%20imo%20black%20carbon%20final%20report%2020%20november%202012.pdf</a>
Lloyd’s Register. 2012. Understanding Exhaust Gas Treatment Systems: Guidance for Shipowners and Operators. UK. 56 p.
MAN Diesel & Turbo. 2013. Emission Project Guide. 86 p.
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Panasiuk, I.; Lebedevas, S. 2014. The assessment of the possibilities for the Lithuanian fleet to comply with new environmental requirements, Transport 29(1): 50–58. <a target="_blank" href= "http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2014.896828"> http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2014.896828</a>
Rawson, K. J.; Tupper, E. C. 2005. Basic Ship Theory: Combined Volume. 5th edition. Butterworth-Heinemann. 784 p.
Schinas, O.; Stefanakos, C. N. 2014. Selecting technologies towards compliance with MARPOL Annex VI: the perspective of operators, Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 28: 28–40. <a target="_blank" href= "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2013.12.006"> http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2013.12.006</a>
Tai, H.-H.; Lin, D.-Y. 2013. Comparing the unit emissions of daily frequency and slow steaming strategies on trunk route deployment in international container shipping, Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 21: 26–31. <a target="_blank" href= "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2013.02.009"> http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2013.02.009</a>
Walter, J.; Wagner, J. 2012. Choosing Exhaust Scrubber Systems. Maritimes Cluster Northern Germany. 37 p.
Wärtsilä. 2013. Wärtsilä Marine Scrubber References. Public Report. Finland. 46 p.
Wärtsilä. 2010. Exhaust Gas Scrubber Installed Onboard MT “SUULA”. Public Test Report. Finland. 30 p. Available from Internet: <a target="_blank" href= "http://www.annualreport2010.wartsila.com/files/wartsila_2010/Docs/Scrubber_Test_Report_onboard_Su-
ula.pdf">http://www.annualreport2010.wartsila.com/files/wartsila_2010/Docs/Scrubber_Test_Report_onboard_Su-
ula.pdf</a>
Wright, A. A. 2000. Exhaust Emissions from Combustion Machinery. Institute of Marine Engineers. 246 p.
Yang, Z. L.; Zhang, D.; Caglayan, O.; Jenkinson, I. D.; Bonsall, S.; Wang, J.; Huang, M.; Yan, X. P. 2012. Selection of techniques for reducing shipping NOx and SOx emissions, Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 17(6): 478–486. <a target="_blank" href= "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2012.05.010"> http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2012.05.010</a>
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2018-01-26
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Copyright (c) 2016 The Author(s). Published by Vilnius Gediminas Technical University.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
Panasiuk, I., Lebedevas, S., & Čerka, J. (2018). The assessment algorithm of technological feasibility of SOx scrubber installation. Transport, 33(1), 197-207. https://doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2016.1152298