Advancing environmental quality through innovation and green entreprenuership
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3846/tede.2026.26685Abstract
This study investigates the relationships among green entrepreneurial activities, Green Techno-Environmental Innovations (GTEI) and environmental quality. Economic development and renewable energy consumption (CRE) are used as control variables to explore the phenomenon more comprehensively. Data are collected from 40 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) economies and analyzed using ordinary least squares regression models. The findings indicate that green entrepreneurship, GTEI and CRE enhance climate sustainability, whereas economic development leads to a deterioration in environmental quality. This study replaces GTEI with green technologies related to energy generation and production and the disposal of greenhouse gases individually and finds similar results, except for clean technologies in the production of goods. Green innovations linked to production processes which do not show a significant impact on environmental quality. This result arises because production processes lead to harmful emissions, which, in turn, lead to a deterioration in climate quality. This study provides crucial insights and policy implications for enhancing green entrepreneurial activities within OECD economies.
Keywords:
green entrepreneurship, green technological innovation, environmental quality, renewable energy, production process patentsHow to Cite
Share
License
Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Vilnius Gediminas Technical University.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Ahmad, M., Khan, Z., Rahman, Z. U., Khattak, S. I., & Khan, Z. U. (2021). Can innovation shocks determine CO2 emissions (CO2e) in the OECD economies? A new perspective. Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 30(1), 89–109. https://doi.org/10.1080/10438599.2019.1684643
Adams, S., & Nsiah, C. (2019). Reducing carbon dioxide emissions: Does renewable energy matter? Science of the Total Environment, 693, Article 133288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.094
Adjei, M., Song, H., Cai, X., Nketiah, E., Obuobi, B., & Adu-Gyamfi, G. (2022). Globalization and economic complexity in the implementation of carbon neutrality in Africa’s largest economies. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, 52, Article 102347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2022.102347
Ahmed, A., Uddin, G. S., & Sohag, K. (2016). Biomass energy, technological progress and the environmental Kuznets curve: Evidence from selected European countries. Biomass and Bioenergy, 90, 202–208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2016.04.004
Akram, R., Ibrahim, R. L., Wang, Z., Adebayo, T. S., & Irfan, M. (2023). Neutralizing the surging emissions amidst natural resource dependence, eco-innovation, and green energy in G7 countries: Insights for global environmental sustainability. Journal of Environmental Management, 344, Article 118560. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118560
Alam, M. S., Apergis, N., Paramati, S. R., & Fang, J. (2021). The impacts of R&D investment and stock markets on clean‐energy consumption and CO2 emissions in OECD economies. International Journal of Finance & Economics, 26(4), 4979–4992. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.2049
Albulescu, C. T., & Drăghici, A. (2016). Entrepreneurial activity and national innovative capacity in selected European countries. The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 17(3), 155–172. https://doi.org/10.1177/1465750316655902
Aliani, K., Borgi, H., Alessa, N., Hamza, F., & Albitar, K. (2024). The impact of green innovation and renewable energy on CO2 emissions in G7 nations. Heliyon, 10(10), Article e31142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31142
Aslam, S., Shahid, M. N., & Aftab, F. (2022). Role of entrepreneurial orientation in SMEs global performance: Testing marketing strategies and technological orientation as mediators. Journal of Marketing Strategies, 4, 173–201.
Aslam, S., Shahid, M. N., Qureshi, M. H., & Qureshi, A. M. (2018). Investigating innovativeness and emotional intelligence as mediator to explore entrepreneurial marketing strategy focused on firm performance: A case in Pakistan. Journal of Applied Environmental and Biological Sciences, 8, 48–60.
Ateeq, A., Riaz, A., Tahir, S. H., Shahid, M. N., & Ullah, R. M. (2019). The association among risk management, financial performance, financing decision and investment decision based on firm size: An empirical investigation of non-financial firms listed at Pakistan stock exchange. Pacific Business Review International, 11, 29–38.
Bădilă, M. I., Bârsan, G., & Cioca, L. I. (2024). Model for the prediction of performance with eco-innovation capability development criteria: A military logistic regression analysis. Polish Journal of Management Studies, 29(2), 87–120. https://doi.org/10.17512/pjms.2024.29.2.05
Barbier, E. B. (2020). Greening the post-pandemic recovery in the G20. Environmental and Resource Economics, 76, 685–703. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10640-020-00437-w
Banelienė, R., & Strazdas, R. (2023). Green innovation for competitiveness: Impact on GDP growth in the European Union. Contemporary Economics, 17(1), 92–108. https://doi.org/10.5709/ce.1897-9254.501
Beckerman, W. (1992). Economic development and the environment: Conflict of complementarity? (Working Paper No. 961). The World Bank.
Boasson, E. L., & Tatham, M. (2023). Climate policy: From complexity to consensus? Journal of European Public Policy, 30(3), 401–424. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2022.2150272
Cesinger, B., Vallaster, C., & Müller, J. M. (2022). The ebb and flow of identity: How sustainable entrepreneurs deal with their hybridity. European Management Journal, 40(1), 77–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2021.04.003
Chang, K., Liu, L., Luo, D., & Xing, K. (2023). The impact of green technology innovation on carbon dioxide emissions: The role of local environmental regulations. Journal of Environmental Management, 340, Article 117990. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117990
Chen, R., Ramzan, M., Hafeez, M., & Ullah, S. (2023). Green innovation-green growth nexus in BRICS: Does financial globalization matter? Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 8(1), Article 100286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2022.100286
Cheng, C., Ren, X., Dong, K., Dong, X., & Wang, Z. (2021). How does technological innovation mitigate CO2 emissions in OECD countries? Heterogeneous analysis using panel quantile regression. Journal of Environmental Management, 280, Article 111818. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111818
Chien, F. (2023). The impact of green investment, eco-innovation, and financial inclusion on sustainable development: Evidence from China. Engineering Economics, 34(1), 17–31. https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.ee.34.1.32159
Danish, & Ulucak, R. (2021). Renewable energy, technological innovation and the environment: A novel dynamic auto-regressive distributive lag simulation. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 150, Article 111433. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2021.111433
Dauda, L., Long, X., Mensah, C. N., Salman, M., Boamah, K. B., Ampon-Wireko, S., & Dogbe, C. S. K. (2021). Innovation, trade openness and CO2 emissions in selected countries in Africa. Journal of Cleaner Production, 281, Article 125143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.125143
De La Peña, L., Guo, R., Cao, X., Ni, X., & Zhang, W. (2022). Accelerating the energy transition to achieve carbon neutrality. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 177, Article 105957. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105957
Demirel, P., & Kesidou, E. (2019). Sustainability‐oriented capabilities for eco‐innovation: Meeting the regulatory, technology, and market demands. Business Strategy and the Environment, 28(5), 847–857. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2286
Dhahri, S., & Omri, A. (2018). Entrepreneurship contribution to the three pillars of sustainable development: What does the evidence really say? World Development, 106, 64–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.01.008
Dhahri, S., Slimani, S., & Omri, A. (2021). Behavioral entrepreneurship for achieving the sustainable development goals. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 165, Article 120561. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120561
Du, K., Li, P., & Yan, Z. (2019). Do green technology innovations contribute to carbon dioxide emission reduction? Empirical evidence from patent data. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 146, 297–303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2019.06.010
Erdoğan, S. (2021). Dynamic nexus between technological innovation and building sector carbon emissions in the BRICS countries. Journal of Environmental Management, 293, Article 112780. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112780
Erdoğan, S., Yıldırım, S., Yıldırım, D. Ç., & Gedikli, A. (2020). The effects of innovation on sectoral carbon emissions: Evidence from G20 countries. Journal of Environmental Management, 267, Article 110637. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110637
Fang, X., Liu, M., & Li, G. (2024). Can the green credit policy promote green innovation in enterprises? Empirical evidence from China. Technological and Economic Development of Economy, 30(4), 899–932. https://doi.org/10.3846/tede.2024.20497
Fischer, D., Brettel, M., & Mauer, R. (2020). The three dimensions of sustainability: A delicate balancing act for entrepreneurs made more complex by stakeholder expectations. Journal of Business Ethics, 163, 87–106. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-018-4012-1
Freudenreich, B., Lüdeke-Freund, F., & Schaltegger, S. (2020). A stakeholder theory perspective on business models: Value creation for sustainability. Journal of Business Ethics, 166, 3–18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-019-04112-z
Ganda, F. (2019). The impact of innovation and technology investments on carbon emissions in selected Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries. Journal of Cleaner Production, 217, 469–483. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.01.235
Godil, D. I., Yu, Z., Sharif, A., Usman, R., & Khan, S. A. R. (2021). Investigate the role of technology innovation and renewable energy in reducing transport sector CO2 emission in China: A path toward sustainable development. Sustainable Development, 29(4), 694–707. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.2167
Gu, G., & Wang, Z. (2018). Research on global carbon abatement driven by R&D investment in the context of INDCs. Energy, 148, 662–675. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.01.142
Gu, W., & Zheng, X. (2021). An empirical study on the impact of sustainable entrepreneurship: Based on the environmental Kuznets model. Journal of Business Research, 123, 613–624. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.10.011
Hassan, S. T., Danish, D., Baloch, M. A., Bui, Q., & Khan, N. H. (2024). The heterogeneous impact of geopolitical risk and environment-related innovations on greenhouse gas emissions: The role of nuclear and renewable energy in the circular economy. Gondwana Research, 127, 144–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2023.08.016
He, J., Nazari, M., Zhang, Y., & Cai, N. (2020). Opportunity-based entrepreneurship and environmental quality of sustainable development: A resource and institutional perspective. Journal of Cleaner Production, 256, Article 120390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120390
Hechavarría, D. M., Terjesen, S. A., Ingram, A. E., Renko, M., Justo, R., & Elam, A. (2017). Taking care of business: The impact of culture and gender on entrepreneurs’ blended value creation goals. Small Business Economics, 48, 225–257. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-016-9747-4
Ho, T. L., Nguyen, B.-C. X., & Ho, T. H. (2024). Is there a trade-off between economic growth, foreign direct investment, international trade and environmental degradation? A comparison between Asian developed and developing countries. Foreign Trade Review, 61, 53–78. https://doi.org/10.1177/00157325231214319
Hoogendoorn, B., van der Zwan, P., & Thurik, R. (2020). Goal heterogeneity at start-up: Are greener start-ups more innovative? Research Policy, 49(10), Article 104061. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2020.104061
Hörisch, J., Kollat, J., & Brieger, S. A. (2017). What influences environmental entrepreneurship? A multilevel analysis of the determinants of entrepreneurs’ environmental orientation. Small Business Economics, 48(1), 47–69. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-016-9765-2
Hu, K., Sinha, A., Tan, Z., Shah, M. I., & Abbas, S. (2022). Achieving energy transition in OECD economies: Discovering the moderating roles of environmental governance. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 168, Article 112808. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2022.112808
Huang, J., Li, X., Wang, Y., & Lei, H. (2021). The effect of energy patents on China’s carbon emissions: Evidence from the STIRPAT model. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 173, Article 121110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121110
Hummels, H., & Argyrou, A. (2021). Planetary demands: Redefining sustainable development and sustainable entrepreneurship. Journal of Cleaner Production, 278, Article 123804. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123804
Hussain, H. I., Slusarczyk, B., Kamarudin, F., Thaker, H. M. T., & Szczepańska-Woszczyna, K. (2020). An investigation of an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system to predict the relationship among energy intensity, globalization, and financial development in major ASEAN economies. Energies, 13(4), Article 850. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13040850
International Energy Agency. (2021). World energy outlook 2021. https://www.iea.org/reports/world-energy-outlook-2021
Johnson, M. P., & Schaltegger, S. (2020). Entrepreneurship for sustainable development: A review and multilevel causal mechanism framework. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 44(6), 1141–1173. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258719885368
Jorgenson, A. K., Alekseyko, A., & Giedraitis, V. (2014). Energy consumption, human well-being and economic development in central and eastern European nations: A cautionary tale of sustainability. Energy Policy, 66, 419–427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2013.11.020
Kazi, S., Husain, S., Hammoudeh, S., & Omar, N. (2021). Innovation, militarization, and renewable energy and green growth in OECD countries. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 28, 36004–36017. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-13326-6
Khan, A., Muhammad, F., Chenggang, Y., Hussain, J., Bano, S., & Khan, M. A. (2020). The impression of technological innovations and natural resources in energy-growth-environment nexus: A new look into BRICS economies. Science of the Total Environment, 727, Article 138265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138265
Khattak, S. I., Ahmad, M., Khan, Z. U., & Khan, A. (2020). Exploring the impact of innovation, renewable energy consumption, and income on CO2 emissions: New evidence from the BRICS economies. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27, 13866–13881. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-07876-4
Khattak, S. I., Ahmad, M., ul Haq, Z., Shaofu, G., & Hang, J. (2022). On the goals of sustainable production and the conditions of environmental sustainability: Does cyclical innovation in green and sustainable technologies determine carbon dioxide emissions in G-7 economies. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 29, 406–420. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2021.10.022
Knoppen, D., & Knight, L. (2022). Pursuing sustainability advantage: The dynamic capabilities of born sustainable firms. Business Strategy and the Environment, 31(4), 1789–1813. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2984
Kun, Z. (2024). Towards achieving sustainable development in China: What role does digital technologies and green technologies play? Engineering Economics, 35(2), 222–235. https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.ee.35.2.33422
Lee, C. C., Xing, W., Wu, W., & Lee, C. C. (2023). Export diversification and the green economy: The key role of economic risk. Technological and Economic Development of Economy, 29(2), 717–740. https://doi.org/10.3846/tede.2023.18532
Li, B., & Haneklaus, N. (2022). The role of clean energy, fossil fuel consumption and trade openness for carbon neutrality in China. Energy Reports, 8, 1090–1098. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2022.02.092
Lin, B., & Ma, R. (2022). Green technology innovations, urban innovation environment and CO2 emission reduction in China: Fresh evidence from a partially linear functional-coefficient panel model. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 176, Article 121434. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121434
Liu, H., Wong, W. K., Cong, P. T., Nassani, A. A., Haffar, M., & Abu-Rumman, A. (2023). Linkage among urbanization, energy consumption, economic growth and carbon emissions. Panel data analysis for China using ARDL model. Fuel, 332, Article 126122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2022.126122
Lüdeke‐Freund, F. (2020). Sustainable entrepreneurship, innovation, and business models: Integrative framework and propositions for future research. Business Strategy and the Environment, 29(2), 665–681. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2396
Luo, Y., Salman, M., & Lu, Z. (2021). Heterogeneous impacts of environmental regulations and foreign direct investment on green innovation across different regions in China. Science of the Total Environment, 759, Article 143744. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143744
Maldonado-Bautista, I., Klein, P. G., & Artz, K. W. (2023). The role of political values and ideologies of entrepreneurs and financiers. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 47(1), 172–205. https://doi.org/10.1177/10422587211010496
Meirun, T., Makhloufi, L., & Ghozali Hassan, M. (2020). Environmental outcomes of green entrepreneurship harmonization. Sustainability, 12(24), Article 10615. https://doi.org/10.3390/su122410615
Méndez-Picazo, M. T., Galindo-Martín, M. A., & Castaño-Martínez, M. S. (2021). Effects of sociocultural and economic factors on social entrepreneurship and sustainable development. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 6(2), 69–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2020.06.001
Mol, A. P. J., & Spaargaren, G. (2000). Ecological modernisation theory in debate: A review. Environmental Politics, 9(1), 17–49. https://doi.org/10.1080/09644010008414511
Muñoz, P., & Cohen, B. (2018). Sustainable entrepreneurship research: Taking stock and looking ahead. Business Strategy and the Environment, 27(3), 300–322. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2000
Naeem, M. A., Raza Rabbani, M., Karim, S., & Billah, S. M. (2023). Religion vs ethics: Hedge and safe haven properties of Sukuk and green bonds for stock markets pre-and during COVID-19. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 16(2), 234–252. https://doi.org/10.1108/imefm-06-2021-0252
Nazir, R., Gillani, S., & Shafiq, M. N. (2023). Realizing direct and indirect impact of environmental regulations on pollution: A path analysis approach to explore the mediating role of green innovation in G7 economies. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30, 44795–44818. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-25399-6
Neumann, T. (2021). Does it pay for new firms to be green? An empirical analysis of when and how different greening strategies affect the performance of new firms. Journal of Cleaner Production, 317, Article 128403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.128403
Nigg-Stock, A., Bayrle, N., & Brecht, L. (2023). Drivers of exploitative and explorative innovation efficiency. Digital Business, 3(2), Article 100062. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.digbus.2023.100062
Obobisa, E. S., Chen, H., & Mensah, I. A. (2022). The impact of green technological innovation and institutional quality on CO2 emissions in African countries. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 180, Article 121670. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2022.121670
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2021). A green recovery: Rethinking the built environment and transport. Green Growth and Sustainable Development Forum. https://www.oecd.org/en/events/2021/11/a-green-recovery-rethinking-the-built-environment-and-transport.html
Omri, A. (2018). Entrepreneurship, sectoral outputs and environmental improvement: International evidence. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 128, 46–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2017.10.016
Porter, M. E., & van der Linde, C. (1995). Toward a new conception of the environment-competitiveness relationship. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 9(4), 97–118. https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.9.4.97
Rybski, R. (2023). Energy in the European Green Deal: Impacts and recommendations for MENA countries. The Journal of World Energy Law & Business, 16(2), 127–142. https://doi.org/10.1093/jwelb/jwac033
Schumpeter, J. A. (2017). Essays: On entrepreneurs, innovations, business cycles and the evolution of capitalism (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351311489
Shahid, M. N., & Sattar, A. (2017). Behavior of calendar anomalies, market conditions and adaptive market hypothesis: Evidence from Pakistan stock exchange. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences (PJCSS), 11(2), 471–504.
Shahid, M. N., Coronado, S., & Sattar, A. (2019). Stock market behaviour: Efficient or adaptive? Evidence from the Pakistan Stock Exchange. Afro-Asian Journal of Finance and Accounting, 9(2), 167–192. https://doi.org/10.1504/aajfa.2019.099488
Shao, X., Zhong, Y., Liu, W., & Li, R. Y. M. (2021). Modeling the effect of green technology innovation and renewable energy on carbon neutrality in N-11 countries: Evidence from advanced panel estimations. Journal of Environmental Management, 296, Article 113189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113189
Shepherd, D. A., & Patzelt, H. (2011). The new field of sustainable entrepreneurship: Studying entrepreneurial action linking “what is to be sustained” with “what is to be developed”. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 35(1), 137–163. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2010.00426.x
Song, M., Yang, M. X., Zeng, K. J., & Feng, W. (2020). Green knowledge sharing, stakeholder pressure, absorptive capacity, and green innovation: Evidence from Chinese manufacturing firms. Business Strategy and the Environment, 29(3), 1517–1531. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2450
Streimikis, J., Ślusarczyk, B., Siksnelyte-Butkiene, I., & Mura, L. (2024). Development of circular economy in the Visegrad group of countries. Contemporary Economics, 18(2), 365–375. https://doi.org/10.5709/ce.1897-9254.543
Streimikiene, D., & Mikalauskiene, A. (2023). Assessment of agricultural sustainability: Case study of Baltic states. Contemporary Economics, 17(2), 128–141. https://doi.org/10.5709/ce.1897-9254.503
Sun, H., Edziah, B. K., Sun, C., & Kporsu, A. K. (2019). Institutional quality, green innovation and energy efficiency. Energy Policy, 135, Article 111002. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2019.111002
Tang, Y., Zhu, H., & Yang, J. (2022). The asymmetric effects of economic growth, urbanization and deindustrialization on carbon emissions: Evidence from China. Energy Reports, 8, 513–521. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2022.05.076
Trapp, C. T. C., & Kanbach, D. K. (2021). Green entrepreneurship and business models: Deriving green technology business model archetypes. Journal of Cleaner Production, 297, Article 126694. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126694
United Nations. (2015). Transforming our world: The 2030 agenda for sustainable development (A/RES/70/1). United Nations General Assembly. https://docs.un.org/en/A/RES/70/1
Venâncio, A., & Pinto, I. (2020). Type of entrepreneurial activity and sustainable development goals. Sustainability, 12(22), Article 9368. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12229368
Verkaart, S., Mausch, K., Claessens, L., & Giller, K. E. (2019). A recipe for success? Learning from the rapid adoption of improved chickpea varieties in Ethiopia. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 17(1), 34–48. https://doi.org/10.1080/14735903.2018.1559007
Vuorio, A. (2017). Young adults and sustainable entrepreneurship: The role of culture and demographic factors. Journal for International Business and Entrepreneurship Development, 10(3), 209–230. https://doi.org/10.1504/jibed.2017.085499
Wani, M. J. G., Loganathan, N., & Esmail, H. A. H. (2024). Impact of green technology and energy on green economic growth: Role of FDI and globalization in G7 economies. Future Business Journal, 10, Article 43. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43093-024-00329-1
Wang, C. H., & Juo, W.-J. (2021). An environmental policy of green intellectual capital: Green innovation strategy for performance sustainability. Business Strategy and the Environment, 30(7), 3241–3254. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2800
Wang, M., Li, Y., Li, J., & Wang, Z. (2021). Green process innovation, green product innovation and its economic performance improvement paths: A survey and structural model. Journal of Environmental Management, 297, Article 113282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113282
Wang, W., Li, Y., Lu, N., Wang, D., Jiang, H., & Zhang, C. (2020). Does increasing carbon emissions lead to accelerated eco-innovation? Empirical evidence from China. Journal of Cleaner Production, 251, Article 119690. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119690
Wang, Z., & Zhu, Y. (2020). Do energy technology innovations contribute to CO2 emissions abatement? A spatial perspective. Science of the Total Environment, 726, Article 138574. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138574
Weis, L., & Nikolić, G. (2024). Discussing the role of innovation in green entrepreneurship and development. In A. Grigorescu, & J. V. Andrei (Eds.), Entrepreneurship and development for a green resilient economy (lab for entrepreneurship and development) (pp. 1–21). Emerald. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-83797-088-920241001
Wiebe, K. S. (2022). A global perspective on sustainable development. In J. Murray, A. Owen, M. Simas, & A. Malik (Eds.), A triple bottom line analysis of global consumption (pp. 3–11). Jenny Stanford Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003256885-2
Yang, J., Cai, W., Ma, M., Li, L., Liu, C., Ma, X., Li, L., & Chen, X. (2020). Driving forces of China’s CO2 emissions from energy consumption based on Kaya-LMDI methods. Science of the Total Environment, 711, Article 134569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134569
Yikun, Z., Woon Leong, L., Cong, P. T., Abu-Rumman, A., Al Shraah, A., & Hishan, S. S. (2023). Green growth, governance, and green technology innovation. How effective towards SDGs in G7 countries? Economic Research – Ekonomska istraživanja, 36(2), Article 2145984. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677x.2022.2145984
York, J. G., & Venkataraman, S. (2010). The entrepreneur-environment nexus: Uncertainty, innovation, and allocation. Journal of Business Venturing, 25(5), 449–463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2009.07.007
You, W., Zhang, Y., & Lee, C.-C. (2022). The dynamic impact of economic growth and economic complexity on CO2 emissions: An advanced panel data estimation. Economic Analysis and Policy, 73, 112–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eap.2021.11.004
Youssef, A. B., Boubaker, S., & Omri, A. (2018). Entrepreneurship and sustainability: The need for innovative and institutional solutions. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 129, 232–241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2017.11.003
Yuan, X., Su, C.-W., Umar, M., Shao, X., & Lobonţ, O. R. (2022). The race to zero emissions: Can renewable energy be the path to carbon neutrality? Journal of Environmental Management, 308, Article 114648. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114648
Yumashev, A., Ślusarczyk, B., Kondrashev, S., & Mikhaylov, A. (2020). Global indicators of sustainable development: Evaluation of the influence of the human development index on consumption and quality of energy. Energies, 13(11), Article 2768. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13112768
Zhang, R. J., Tai, H. W., Cao, Z. X., Wei, C. C., & Cheng, K. T. (2024). Green innovation ecosystem evolution: Diffusion of positive green innovation game strategies on complex networks. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 9(3), Article 100500. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2024.100500
View article in other formats
CrossMark check
Published
Issue
Section
Copyright
Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Vilnius Gediminas Technical University.
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.