Share:


Creative economy: support of creative hubs by the public sector in the urban environment

    Markéta Chaloupková Affiliation
    ; Josef Kunc   Affiliation
    ; Jaroslav Koutský   Affiliation

Abstract

Creative hubs are institutional organization of newly emerging creative industries. Economic activities associated with creative industries are very often business-oriented and strongly independent. However, there are often needs for public sector. The aim of paper is to analyze the situation in the Czech Republic and assess the involvement and benefits of the public sector towards the support of these business activities. Methodologically, the work is based on several approaches. Primarily, a database of Czech creative hubs was created as part of desk research. This was followed by quantitative questionnaire survey with representatives of creative hubs and qualitative research in the form of structured interviews with representatives of hubs and the public sector. It was found that without public finances and interest, Czech creative hubs cannot function in the long term. Financial support is therefore the most common form of public support. The main strength of hubs lies in the built community of members, offered services and networking. Conversely, the main weakness is the inability to secure sufficient funds and sponsors. Although public sector cooperation in the Czech Republic is still limited, many public representatives are beginning to realize the benefits of the creative economy and gradually implement it into policies.

Keyword : creative hubs, creative economics, urban environment, public sector, regional and local development, Czech Republic

How to Cite
Chaloupková, M., Kunc, J., & Koutský, J. (2023). Creative economy: support of creative hubs by the public sector in the urban environment. Technological and Economic Development of Economy, 29(6), 1611–1632. https://doi.org/10.3846/tede.2023.20136
Published in Issue
Dec 7, 2023
Abstract Views
259
PDF Downloads
218
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

References

Adamcová, M., Buzková, K., Kujová, Z., Návrat, P., Štěpánová, A., & Šebestová, M. (2014). Mapování kulturních a kreativních průmyslů v Brně. Kvantitativní a kvalitativní výzkum. Retrieved February 13, 2023, from http://kb.creos.cz/data/editor/File/mapovani_kko_brno_2014_final_med.pdf

Adamcová, J., Jetmar, M., & Rudyšarová, A. (2016). Potenciál digitální ekonomiky a kulturních a kreativních průmyslů pro další rozvoj a konkurenceschopnost České republiky: Výzvy, přínosy a impulsy pro vládní politik. Institut pro digitální ekonomiku, Praque. Retrieved December 15, 2022, from http://www.digitalniekonomika.cz/files/StudieIDE.pdf

Andres, R., Erdsiek, D., Ohnemus, J., Rammer, C., & Viete, S. (2019). Monitoringbericht Kultur-und Kreativwirtschaft ZEW-Gutachten und Forschungsberichte. 2019. Retrieved February 11, 2023, from https://www.kultur-kreativ-wirtschaft.de/KUK/Redaktion/DE/Publikationen/2019/monitoring-wirtschaftliche-eckdaten-kuk.html

Bednář, P., Dubová, M., Kraus, M., Návrat, & P., Žáková, P. (2016). Metodika mapování kulturních a kreativních průmyslů na lokální a regionální úrovni ČR. Institut umění – Divadelní ústav, Praha.

Boix Domenech., R., De Miguel Molina, B., & Rausell Köster, P. (2022). The impact of cultural and creative industries on the wealth of countries, regions and municipalities. European Planning Studies, 30(9), 1777–1797. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2021.1909540

Boschma, R. A., & Fritsch, M. (2009). Creative class and regional growth: Empirical evidence from seven European countries. Economic Geography, 85(4), 391–423. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01048.x

Boswinkel, K., & van Meerkerk, E. (2023). Creative hubs: an anomaly in cultural policy? International Journal of Cultural Policy, 29(6), 767–785. https://doi.org/10.1080/10286632.2022.2107636

Branzanti, C. (2015). Creative clusters and district economies: Towards a taxonomy to interpret the phenomenon. European Planning Studies, 23(7), 1401–1418. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2014.935930

British Council. (2013). The economic impact of the creative industries in the Americas. Retrieved February 13, 2023, from http://scm.oas.org/pdfs/2013/CIDRP00451.cultura.eng.pdf

British Council. (2014a). Creative hubs. Retrieved December 15, 2022, from http://creativeconomy.britishcouncil.org/projects/hubs/

British Council. (2014b). The mapping of creative hubs in Vietnam. Retrieved December 15, 2022, from http://www.britishcouncil.vn/sites/britishcouncil.vn/files/ch_report_e7.pdf

British Council. (2017). Mapping Creative Hubs in Malaysia. Retrieved December 15, 2022, from https://www.britishcouncil.my/programmes/arts/work/hubs/resources/hubs-malaysia

Coll-Martínez, E., & Méndez-Ortega, C. (2023). Agglomeration and coagglomeration of co-working spaces and creative industries in the city. European Planning Studies, 31(13), 445–466. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2020.1847256

Cikánek, M. (2013). Kreativní průmysly: příležitost pro novou ekonomiku II. Institut umění, Praha.

Cooke, P. N., & Lazzeretti, L. (2008). Creative cities, cultural clusters and local economic development. Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781847209948

Currid, E., & Williams, S. (2009). The geography of buzz: art, culture and the social milieu in Los Angeles and New York. Journal of Economic Geography, 10(3), 423–451. https://doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lbp032

Dovey, J., Pratt, A. C., Moreton, S., Virani, T. E., Merkel, J., & Lansdowne, J. (2016). The creative hubs report. Retrieved December 15, 2022, from https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/16052/1/HubsReport.pdf

Emilia, Ţ., Vergil, V., & Monica, T. (2008). The impact of cultural-creative industries on the economic growth-a quantitative approach. Annals of the University of Oradea, Economic Science Series, 2(1), 930–935.

Enquetekommission. (2007). Enquetekommission Enquetekommission des Deutschen Bundestages „Kultur in Deutschland“, Kultur-und Kreativwirtschaft, Drucksache 16/7000 Deutscher Bundestag – 16. Wahlperiode, Retrieved December 15, 2022, from https://dip21.bundestag.de/dip21/btd/16/070/1607000.pdf

European Commission. (2019). Cultural and creative cities monitor. Retrieved February 11, 2023, from https://composite-indicators.jrc.ec.europa.eu/cultural-creative-cities-monitor/cultural-creative-cities

Evans, G. (2009). Creative cities, creative spaces and urban policy. Urban Studies, 46(5/6), 1003–1040. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098009103853

Evers, H. D., Nordin, R., & Niekemper, P. (2010). Knowledge cluster formation in Peninsular Malaysia: The emergence of an epistemic landscape. SSRN. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1691008

Ferrili, G., Sacco, P. L., Tavano Blessi, G., & Forbici, S. (2017) Power to the people: when culture works as a social catalyst in urban regeneration processes (and when it does not). European Planning Studies, 25(2), 241–258. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2016.1259397

Florida, R. (1999). The role of the university: Leveraging talent, not technology. Issues in Science and Technology, 15(4), 67–73. https://www.jstor.org/stable/43313964

Florida, R. (2002). The rise of the creative class: And how it‘s transforming work, leisure, community, and everyday life. Basic Books.

Florida, R. (2006). The flight of the creative class: The new global competition for talent. Liberal Education, 92(3), 22–29. https://www.learntechlib.org/p/73633/

Gill, R., Pratt, An. C., & Virani, T. E. (2019). Creative hubs in question: Place, space and work in the creative economy. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10653-9

Goldbard, A. (2006). New creative community: The art of cultural development. New Village Press.

Goldenberg, J., Han, S., Lehmann, D. R., & Hong, J. W. (2009). The role of hubs in the adoption process. Journal of Marketing, 73(2), 1–13. https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/skku/handle/2021.sw.skku/78369

Guerra, P., & Moreira, T. (2015). Needs analysis on culture and creative hubs in Asia and Europe. Retrieved December 15, 2022, from https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/bitstream/10216/81474/2/44983.pdf

Hesmondhalgh, D., & Pratt, A. C. (2005). Cultural industries and cultural policy. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 11(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/10286630500067598

Chaloupková, M., & Kunc, J. (2022). Locality selection matters. Investigating creative hubs in the Czech urban environment. City, Culture and Society, 28(100440). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccs.2022.100440

Kloudová, J. (2009). Kreativní ekonomika a její měření. Ekonomický časopis, 3(1), 247–262.

Kraus, M. (2012). Kulturní a kreativní průmysly v Německu. Národohospodářský význam, struktura a způsob podpory kulturních a kreativních odvětví. Retrieved February 12, 2023, from https://www.idu.cz/cs/publikace/5007-kulturni-a-kreativni-prumysly-v-nemecku

Kraus, M., & Žáková E. (2014). Kulturní a kreativní průmysly ve vybraných zemích Evropské unie – Vymezení, ekonomický přínos, strategická podpora. Institut umění – Divadelní ústav.

Kreativnibrno.cz. (2014). Mapování kulturních a kreativních odvětví v Brně. Retrieved February 13, 2023, from https://kreativnibrno.cz/mapovani-kko/

Kreativwirtschaft. (2019). Kreativwirtschaft Austria. Retrieved December 15, 2022, from https://www.kreativwirtschaft.at/achter-oesterreichischer-kreativwirtschaftsbericht/

Lazzeretti, L., Boix, R., & Capone, F. (2008). Do creative industries cluster? Mapping creative local production systems in Italy and Spain. Industry and Innovation, 15(5), 549–567. https://doi.org/10.1080/13662710802374161

London Development Agency. (2003). Creative London: Vision and plan. London Development Agency, London. Retrieved December 15, 2022, from https://creativeindustrieslondon.files.wordpress.com/2014/11/creative-london.pdf

Loov Eesti. (2011). Creative industries in Estonia. Retrieved December 15, 2022, from https://www.looveesti.ee/attachments/141_Loov_Eesti_web2-11.pdf

Makselis, R. (2010). Creative industries in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. Retrieved February 13, 2023, from https://industrias-culturais.hypotheses.org/12989

Mariotti, I., Akhavan, M., & Rossi, F. (2023). The preferred location of coworking spaces in Italy: an empirical investigation in urban and peripheral areas. European Planning Studies, 31(3), 467–489. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2021.1895080

Markusen, A., Wassall, G. H., Denale, D., & Cohen, R. (2008). Defining the creative economy: Industry and occupational approaches. Economic Development Quarterly, 22(1), 24–45. https://doi.org/10.1177/0891242407311862

Miao, J. T. (2023). Inside-out in creative industry-led urban regeneration: The roles of developers in Liverpool and Bristol compared. International Planning Studies, 28(2), 178–192. https://doi.org/10.1080/13563475.2023.2205032

Ministerstvo kultury České republiky. (2019). Státní kulturní politika na léta 2015–2020 (s výhledem do roku 2025). Retrieved December 15, 2022, from https://www.mkcr.cz/statni-kulturni-politika-69.html

Montgomery, J. (2007). Creative industry business incubators and managed workspaces: A review of best practice. Planning, Practice & Research, 22(4), 601–617. https://doi.org/10.1080/02697450701770126

Peck, J. (2005). Struggling with the creative class. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 29(4), 740–770. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2427.2005.00620.x

Němec, M. (2013). Význam kulturních a kreativních průmyslů v Evropské unii, České republice a hl. m. Praze. Praha: Útvar rozvoje hl. m. Prahy. Retrieved December 15, 2022, from http://www.iprpraha.cz/uploads/assets/dokumenty/ssp/analyzy/ekonomika/2013_02_mn_vyznam-kulturnich-a-kreativnich-prumyslu-v-evropske-unii-ceske-republice-a-hl-m-praze.%20m.%20Praze.pdf

Oakley, K. (2004). Not so cool Britannia: The role of the creative industries in economic development. International Journal of Cultural Studies, 7(1), 67–77. https://doi.org/10.1177/1367877904040606

Palaščák, R., & Bilík, P. (2017). Kulturní a kreativní průmysly na Olomoucku. Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci, Olomouc.

Potts, J. (2009). Why creative industries matter to economic evolution. Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 18(7), 663–673. https://doi.org/10.1080/10438590802564592

Pratt, A. C. (2005). Cultural industries and public policy: An oxymoron?. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 11(1), 31–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/10286630500067739

Sasaki, M. (2010). Urban regeneration through cultural creativity and social inclusion: Rethinking creative city theory through a Japanese case study. Cities, 27(1), 3–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2010.03.002

Scott, A. J. (2006). Creative cities: Conceptual issues and policy questions. Journal of Urban Affairs, 28(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0735-2166.2006.00256.x

Siregar, F., & Sudrajat, D. (2017). Enabling spaces: Mapping creative hubs in Indonesia. Retrieved December 15, 2022, from https://www.britishcouncil.id/sites/default/files/mapping_creative_hubs_in_indonesia-_final.pdf

Slach, O., Koutský, J., Novotný, J., & Ženka, J. (2013). Creative industries in the Czech Republic: a spatial perspective. Ekonomie & Management, 16(4), 14–29.

Söndermann, M. (2012). Statistische Anpassung der Kultur-und Kreativwirtschaft in Deutschland–Kurzanleitung zur Erstellung einer statistischen Datengrundlage für die Kulturwirtschaft. Köln.

Spencer, G. M. (2008). Creative economies and diverse places: An analysis of creative hubs in Canada. Compendium of Research Papers the International Forum on the Creative Economy, 63(8), 145–154.

Sternberg, R. J. (2012). The assessment of creativity: An investment-based approach. Creativity Research Journal, 24(1), 3–12. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2012.652925

Throsby, D. (2001). Economics and culture. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107590106

UNCTAD. (2010). Creative economy report 2010. Retrieved February 13, 2023, from https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/ditctab20103_en.pdf

UNCTAD. (2022). Creative economy outlook 2022. Retrieved February 13, 2023, from https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/ditctsce2022d1_en.pdf

Virani, T., Dovey, J., Pratt, A., Lansdowne, J., Moreton, S., & Merkel, J. (2016). Creative hubs: Understanding the new economy. British Council.

Virani, T. E. (2015). Re-articulating the creative hub concept as a model for business support in the local creative economy: The case of Mare Street in Hackney. Creativeworks London Working Paper Series, 12(1), 1–27. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/7251

Wedemeier, J. (2010). The impact of the creative sector on growth in German regions. European Planning Studies, 18(4), 505–520. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654311003593473

Wu, W. (2005). Dynamic cities and creative clusters. https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-3509

Žáková. E., Adamcová, J., Aust, O., Barák, P., Debnár, D., Dohnalová, L., Jetmar, M., Kopecká, T., Kopecký, L., Kovačevič, I., Kozák, A., Křeček, J., Machátová, D., Matějková, K., Návratová, J., Nekolný, B., Staníková, D., Ševčíková, L., Štolfová, A., Veselý, M., Vinšová, J., & Záhora, Z. (2016). Mapování kulturních a kreativních průmyslů v ČR Stav, potřeba a trendy. Retrieved December 15, 2022, from https://web2.mlp.cz/koweb/00/04/22/43/49/mapovani_kkp_2.pdf