Experimental analysis of hydrogen sulfide removal from biogas using a biofilter containing cellular concrete waste and biochar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3846/mla.2025.23937Abstract
This study investigates the removal efficiency of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) from biogas using a biofilter packed with cellular lightweight concrete (CLC) waste and biochar. A laboratory-scale biofilter was designed and tested under varying operational and environmental conditions, including inlet H₂S concentrations (100–2000 ppm), gas flow rates (0.2–1.0 L/min), temperature (25–35 °C), and humidity (70–90%). The results demonstrated that H₂S removal efficiency reached 95% at low air flow rates and 91% under low H₂S concentrations. In comparison, efficiency declined to 88% at high air flow rates and 87% at high H₂S concentrations. The combination of biochar’s adsorption properties and Fe₂CO₃-modified CLC waste’s catalytic oxidation contributed to the biofilter’s high efficiency and stability. These findings suggest that hybrid biofilters incorporating waste-derived materials provide an environmentally sustainable and cost-effective alternative for biogas purification compared to conventional chemical and physical methods.
Article in English.
Eksperimentinis biodujų valymo nuo sieros vandenilio tyrimas, taikant biofiltrą su akytojo betono atliekų ir bioanglies įkrovomis
Santrauka
Šiame tyrime nagrinėjamas sieros vandenilio (H₂S) šalinimo iš biodujų efektyvumas, naudojant biofiltrą, užpildytą akytojo lengvojo betono atliekomis ir bioanglimi. Laboratorinis biofiltras buvo suprojektuotas ir išbandytas esant skirtingoms eksploatacinėms sąlygoms: keičiant pradinę H₂S koncentraciją (100–2000 ppm), dujų srautų greitį (0,2–1,0 L/min), temperatūrą (25–35 °C) ir drėgmę (70–90 %). Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad H₂S šalinimo efektyvumas siekė 95 % esant mažiems oro srautams ir esant nedidelėms pradinėms H₂S koncentracijoms. Palyginimui, kai dideli oro srautai – efektyvumas sumažėjo iki 88 %, o padidėjus H₂S koncentracijoms – efektyvumas sumažėjo iki 87 %. Aukštą biofiltro efektyvumą ir stabilumą lėmė bioanglies adsorbcinės savybės bei Fe₂CO₃ modifikuotų akytojo lengvojo betono atliekų katalizinė oksidacija. Tyrimo išvados leidžia teigti, kad hibridiniai biofiltrai, kuriuose naudojamos atliekų pagrindu gautos medžiagos, yra aplinkai tvari ir ekonomiškai efektyvi biodujų valymo alternatyva, palyginti su įprastais cheminiais ir fizikiniais metodais.
Reikšminiai žodžiai: sieros vandenilio šalinimas, biofiltras, bioanglis, akytojo betono atliekos, mikrobiologinė desulfurizacija, biodujų valymas.
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hydrogen sulfide removal, biofilter, biochar, cellular concrete (CLC) waste, microbial desulfurization, biogas purificationHow to Cite
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Copyright (c) 2025 The Author(s). Published by Vilnius Gediminas Technical University.
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