A mixed interval type-2 fuzzy best-worst MACBETH approach to choose hub airport in developing countries: case of Iranian passenger airports
Abstract
Hub airports are the ones that model networks in which most journeys go via a few central points. Famous hub airports deliver positive social and environmental impact to the communities along with economic effects. This paper is about to investigate indicators related to hub performance excellence from various angles, considering leading hub airports performance while determining the priorities in order to help airports especially in developing countries to find the way of progress. A list of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) is prepared from the literature, which is prioritized using Best-Worst Method (BWM). The weights of these criteria are specified via application of interval type-2 fuzzy BWM. Then using five most important criteria, MACBETH (Measuring Attractiveness by a Categorical Based Evaluation TecHnique) ranking approach is used to analyse 19 Iranian international airports and find the most appropriate one for being hub airport. The results show Kish airport with the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) code “OIBK” is prior to other airports and can be chosen as the hub airport that means Iran airports holding company is suggested to focus more investments in this airport to gain fastest possible benefits of an international hub airport.
Keyword : hub airport, international airport, KPI, BWM, MACBETH, fuzzy type-2, MCDM
How to Cite
Pishdar, M., Ghasemzadeh, F., & Antuchevičienė, J. (2019). A mixed interval type-2 fuzzy best-worst MACBETH approach to choose hub airport in developing countries: case of Iranian passenger airports. Transport, 34(6), 639-651. https://doi.org/10.3846/transport.2019.11723
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Abdullah, L.; Zulkifli, N. 2015. Integration of fuzzy AHP and interval type-2 fuzzy DEMATEL: An application to human resource management, Expert Systems with Applications 42(9): 4397–4409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2015.01.021
ACI. 2018. Airport Economics 2018 Report: a Comprehensive View of The Industry’s Financial Performance. ACI (Airports Council International). 84 p.
ACI. 2017. Airport Industry Connectivity Report 2017. ACI (Airports Council International). 44 p.
ACI. 2012. Guide to Airport Performance Measures. ACI (Airports Council International). 61 p. Available from Internet: http://www.aci.aero/Media/aci/downloads/ACI_APM_Guidebook_2_2012.pdf
BAC. 2014. Land Use and Planning. Brisbane Airport Corporation (BAC), Brisbane, Australia. 28 p. Available from Internet: https://www.bne.com.au/sites/default/files/docs/BNR_EIS_MDP_B2_Land_Use.pdf
Baltazar, M. E.; Rosa, T.; Silva, J. 2018. Global decision support for airport performance and efficiency assessment, Journal of Air Transport Management 71: 220–242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2018.04.009
Bana e Costa, C. A. 2001. The use of multi‐criteria decision analysis to support the search for less conflicting policy options in a multi‐actor context: case study, Journal of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis 10(2): 111–125. https://doi.org/10.1002/mcda.292
Bana e Costa C. A.; Chagas, M. P. 2004. A career choice problem: an example of how to use MACBETH to build a quantitative value model based on qualitative value judgments, European Journal of Operational Research 153(2): 323–331. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-2217(03)00155-3
Bana e Costa, C. A.; Corrêa, É. C.; De Corte, J.-M.; Vansnick, J.-C. 2002a. Facilitating bid evaluation in public call for tenders: a socio-technical approach, Omega 30(2): 227–242. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-0483(02)00029-4
Bana e Costa, C. A.; Da Costa-Lobo, M. L.; Ramos, I. A.; Vansnick, J.-C. 2002b. Multicriteria approach for strategic town planning: the case of Barcelos, International Series in Operations Research & Management Science 44: 429–456. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0843-4_19
Bana e Costa, C. A.; Barroso, L. A.; Soares, J. O. 2002c. Qualitative modelling of credit scoring: a case study in banking, European Research Studies 5(1–2): 37–51.
Bana e Costa, C. A.; Ensslin, L.; Cornêa, É. C.; Vansnick, J.-C. 1999. Decision support systems in action: integrated application in a multicriteria decision aid process, European Journal of Operational Research 113(2): 315–335. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-2217(98)00219-7
Bana e Costa, C. A.; Nunes da Silva, F.; Vansnick, J.-C. 2001. Conflict dissolution in the public sector: a case-study, European Journal of Operational Research 130(2): 388–401. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-2217(00)00037-0
Bana e Costa, C. A.; Oliveira, R. C. 2002. Assigning priorities for maintenance, repair and refurbishment in managing a municipal housing stock, European Journal of Operational Research 138(2): 380–391. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-2217(01)00253-3
Bana e Costa, C. A.; Oliveira, C. S.; Vieira, V. 2008. Prioritization of bridges and tunnels in earthquake risk mitigation using multicriteria decision analysis: application to Lisbon, Omega 36(3): 442–450. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omega.2006.05.008
Bana e Costa, C. A.; Vansnick, J.-C. 1999. The MACBETH approach: basic ideas, software, and an application, Mathematical Modelling: Theory and Applications 4: 131–157. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0647-6_9
Berry, F.; Gillhespy, S.; Rogers, J. 2018. Airport Sustainability Practices. Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Synthesis 10. Transportation Research Board (TRB), Washington, DC, US. 112 p. https://doi.org/10.17226/13674
Bezerra, G. C. L.; Gomes, C. F. 2016a. Measuring airport service quality: A multidimensional approach, Journal of Air Transport Management 53: 85–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2016.02.001
Bezerra, G. C. L.; Gomes, C. F. 2016b. Performance measurement in airport settings: a systematic literature review, Benchmarking: an International Journal 23(4): 1027–1050. https://doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-10-2015-0099
Bezerra, G. C. L.; Gomes, C. F. 2018. Performance measurement practices in airports: Multidimensionality and utilization patterns, Journal of Air Transport Management 70: 113–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2018.05.006
Bond, S. 2013. The Importance of Airport Brand – Branding your Airport. Queensland Airports Ltd., Australia. 13 p. Available from Internet: http://www.aci-asiapac.aero/services/main/17/upload/service/17/self/55cc67ce009f5.pdf
Brunelli, M.; Rezaei, J. 2019. A multiplicative best-worst method for multi-criteria decision making, Operations Research Letters 47(1): 12–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orl.2018.11.008
Burghouwt, G.; De Wit, J.; Veldhuis, J.; Matsumoto, H. 2009. Air network performance and hub competitive position: evaluation of primary airports in East and South-East Asia, Airport Management 3(4): 384–400.
CAG. 2018. Explore Changi. Changi Airport Group (CAG), Singapore. Available from Internet: http://www.changiairport.com/en.html
Cahill, C.; Palcic, D.; Reeves, E. 2017. Commercialisation and airport performance: the case of Ireland’s DAA, Journal of Air Transport Management 59: 155–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2016.12.002
Carlucci, F.; Cirà, A.; Coccorese, P. 2018. Measuring and explaining airport efficiency and sustainability: evidence from Italy, Sustainability 10(2): 400. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10020400
Castro, R.; Lohmann, G. 2014. Airport branding: content analysis of vision statements, Research in Transportation Business & Management 10: 4–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rtbm.2014.01.001
CDA. 2013. Sustainable Airport Manual. Chicago Department of Aviation (CDA), Chicago, US. 544 p. Available from Internet: https://www.flychicago.com/community/environment/sam/Pages/default.aspx
Chung, T. W.; Lee, Y. J.; Jang, H. M. 2017. A Comparative analysis of three major transfer airports in Northeast Asia focusing on Incheon international airport using a conjoint analysis, The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics 33(4): 237–244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajsl.2017.12.007
Clivillé, V.; Berrah, L.; Mauris, G. 2007. Quantitative expression and aggregation of performance measurements based on the MACBETH multi-criteria method, International Journal of Production Economics 105(1): 171–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2006.03.002
Ennen, D.; Batool, I. 2018. Airport efficiency in Pakistan – a data envelopment analysis with weight restrictions, Journal of Air Transport Management 69: 205–212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2018.02.007
Enoma, A.; Allen, S. 2007. Developing key performance indicators for airport safety and security, Facilities 25(7/8): 296–315. https://doi.org/10.1108/02632770710753334
Eshtaiwi, M.; Badi, I.; Abdulshahed, A.; Erkan, T. 2017. Assessment of airport performance using the grey theory method: a case study in Libya, Grey Systems: Theory and Application 7(3): 426–436. https://doi.org/10.1108/GS-07-2017-0023
Eshtaiwi, M.; Badi, I.; Abdulshahed, A.; Erkan, T. E. 2018. Determination of key performance indicators for measuring airport success: a case study in Libya, Journal of Air Transport Management 68: 28–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2017.12.004
Fakhfakh, N.; Verjus, H.; Pourraz, F.; Moreaux, P. 2011. Measuring the Satisfaction Degree of Quality Attributes Requirements for Services Orchestrations, in CTRQ2011: The Fourth International Conference on Communication Theory, Reliability, and Quality of Service, 17–22 April 2011, Budapest, Hungary, 89–94.
Figueiredo, T.; Castro, R. 2019. Passengers perceptions of airport branding strategies: the case of Tom Jobim International Airport – RIOgaleão, Brazil, Journal of Air Transport Management 74: 13–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2018.09.010
Fitch, A. 2016. Iran lays groundwork for regional airport hub in Tehran, The Wall Street Journal 4 October 2016. Available from Internet: https://www.wsj.com/articles/iran-lays-groundwork-for-regional-airport-hub-in-tehran-1475573401
Freathy, P.; O’Connell, F. 1999. Planning for profit: the commercialization of European airports, Long Range Planning 32(6): 587–597. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0024-6301(99)00075-8
Halpern, N.; Pagliari, R. 2008. Direct, moderating and mediating effects of market orientation on the performance of airports in Europe’s peripheral areas, Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing 24(1): 47–61. https://doi.org/10.1300/J073v24n01_04
Hashemi, S. S.; Razavi Hajiagha, S. H.; Amiri, M. 2014. Decision making with unknown data: development of ELECTRE method based on black numbers, Informatica 25(1): 21–36. https://doi.org/10.15388/Informatica.2014.02
Hashemkhani Zolfani, S.; Chatterjee, P. 2019. Comparative evaluation of sustainable design based on step-wise weight assessment ratio analysis (SWARA) and best worst method (BWM) methods: a perspective on household furnishing materials, Symmetry 11(1): 74. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11010074
Homsombat, W.; Lei, Z.; Fu, X. 2011. Development status and prospects for aviation hubs – a comparative study of the major airports in South-East Asia, The Singapore Economic Review 56(4): 573–591. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217590811004420
Hu, J.; Zhang, Y.; Chen, X.; Liu, Y. 2013. Multi-criteria decision making method based on possibility degree of interval type-2 fuzzy number, Knowledge-Based Systems 43: 21–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.knosys.2012.11.007
ICAO. 2013. Airport Economics Manual. International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). 152 p. Available from Internet: https://www.icao.int/sustainability/Documents/Doc9562_en.pdf
ICAO. 2012. Flightpath to a Sustainable Future: the Rio+20 Global Biofuels Initiative. International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). 32 p. Available from Internet: https://www.icao.int/environmental-protection/Documents/RIO+20_Flightpath_Review.pdf
Jahangoshai Rezaee, M.; Yousefi, S. 2018. An intelligent decision making approach for identifying and analyzing airport risks, Journal of Air Transport Management 68: 14–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2017.06.013
Jantachalobon, N.; Suthikarnnarunai, N. 2015. The evaluation forms of international passenger airport hub in Southeast Asia, Journal of Applied Engineering Science 13(2): 93–104. https://doi.org/10.5937/jaes13-8382
Karande, P.; Chakraborty, S. 2014. A facility layout selection model using MACBETH method, in Proceedings of the 2014 International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management, 7–9 January 2014, Bali, Indonesia, 17–26.
Karande, P.; Chakraborty, S. 2013. Using MACBETH method for supplier selection in manufacturing environment, International Journal of Industrial Engineering Computations 4(2): 259–272. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.ijiec.2013.01.002
Keshavarz Ghorabaee, M.; Amiri, M.; Zavadskas, E. K.; Turskis, Z.; Antuchevičienė, J. 2017. A new hybrid simulation-based assignment approach for evaluating airlines with multiple service quality criteria, Journal of Air Transport Management 63: 45–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2017.05.008
Lai, P.-L.; Potter, A.; Beynon, M.; Beresford, A. 2015. Evaluating the efficiency performance of airports using an integrated AHP/DEA-AR technique, Transport Policy 42: 75–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2015.04.008
Lee, K.; Yu, C. 2018. Assessment of airport service quality: a complementary approach to measure perceived service quality based on Google reviews, Journal of Air Transport Management 71: 28–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2018.05.004
Lee, Y.-K.; Park, J.-W. 2016. Impact of a sustainable brand on improving business performance of airport enterprises: the case of Incheon international airport, Journal of Air Transport Management 53: 46–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2016.01.002
Lo Storto, C. L. 2018. The analysis of the cost-revenue production cycle efficiency of the Italian airports: a NSBM DEA approach, Journal of Air Transport Management 72: 77–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2018.05.010
Lozano, S.; Gutiérrez, E.; Moreno, P. 2013. Network DEA approach to airports performance assessment considering undesirable outputs, Applied Mathematical Modelling 37(4): 1665–1676. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2012.04.041
Milbredt, O.; Castro, A.; Ayazkhani, A.; Christ, T. 2017. Passenger-centric airport management via new terminal interior design concepts, Transportation Research Procedia 27: 1235–1241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2017.12.008
Mirković, B.; Tošić, V. 2017. The difference between hub and non-hub airports – an airside capacity perspective, Journal of Air Transport Management 62: 121–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2017.03.013
Monsalud, A.; Ho, D.; Rakas, J. 2015. Greenhouse gas emissions mitigation strategies within the airport sustainability evaluation process, Sustainable Cities and Society 14: 414–424. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2014.08.003
Montignac, F.; Noirot, I.; Chaudourne, S. 2009. Multi-criteria evaluation of on-board hydrogen storage technologies using the MACBETH approach, International Journal Hydrogen Energy 34(10): 4561–4568. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.09.098
O’Connell, J. F. 2011. The rise of the Arabian Gulf carriers: an insight into the business model of Emirates airline, Journal of Air Transport Management 17(6): 339–346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2011.02.003
O’Connell, J. F.; Bueno, O. E. 2018. A study into the hub performance Emirates, Etihad Airways and Qatar Airways and their competitive position against the major European hubbing airlines, Journal of Air Transport Management 69: 257–268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2016.11.006
OECD. 2001. OECD Environmental Strategy for the First Decade of the 21st Century. Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). 22 p. Available from Internet: https://www.oecd.org/env/indicators-modelling-outlooks/1863539.pdf
Olfat, L.; Amiri, M.; Bamdad Soufi, J.; Pishdar, M. 2016. A dynamic network efficiency measurement of airports performance considering sustainable development concept: A fuzzy dynamic network-DEA approach, Journal of Air Transport Management 57: 272–290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2016.08.007
Olfat, L.; Pishdar, M. 2017. Interval type-2 fuzzy dynamic network data envelopment analysis with undesirable outputs considering double frontiers: an application to Iran airports’ sustainability evaluation, International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice 24(6): 635–662.
Pantouvakis, A.; Renzi, M. F. 2016. Exploring different nationality perceptions of airport service quality, Journal of Air Trans-port Management 52: 90–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2015.12.005
Peneda, M. J. A.; Reis, V. D.; Macário, M. do R. M. R. 2011. Critical factors for development of airport cities, Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2214: 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3141/2214-01
Piltz, C.; Voltes-Dorta, A.; Suau-Sanchez, P. 2018. A comparative analysis of hub connections of European and Asian airports against Middle Eastern hubs in intercontinental markets, Journal of Air Transport Management 66: 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2017.09.006
Pourhejazy, P.; Sarkis, J.; Zhu, Q. 2019. A fuzzy-based decision aid method for product deletion of fast moving consumer goods, Expert Systems with Applications 119: 272–288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2018.11.001
Puls, R.; Lentz, C. 2018. Retail concessions at European airports: commercial strategies to improve non-aeronautical revenue from leisure travelers, Journal of Air Transport Management 71: 243–249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2018.04.010
Rezaei, J. 2015. Best-worst multi-criteria decision-making method, Omega 53: 49–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omega.2014.11.009
Rodgers, B. 2015. Sustainable Airport Master Plan. Master Plan Presentation. University Park Airport, Pennsylvania State University, PA, US. 22 p.
Rodrigues, T. C. 2014. The MACBETH approach to health value measurement: building a population health index in group processes, Procedia Technology 16: 1361–1366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.protcy.2014.10.153
Roubens, M.; Rusinowska, A.; De Swart, H. 2006. Using MAC-BETH to determine utilities of governments to parties in coalition formation, European Journal of Operational Research 172(2): 588–603. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2004.10.017
SAGA. 2018. Sustainable Principles and Practices. Sustainable Aviation Guidance Alliance (SAGA). Available from Internet: http://www.airportsustainability.org
Schmidberger, S.; Bals, L.; Hartmann, E.; Jahns, C. 2009. Ground handling services at European hub airports: Development of a performance measurement system for benchmarking, International Journal of Production Economics 117(1): 104–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2008.10.006
Shojaei, P.; Seyed Haeri, S. A.; Mohammadi, S. 2018. Airports evaluation and ranking model using Taguchi loss function, best-worst method and VIKOR technique, Journal of Air Transport Management 68: 4–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2017.05.006
Scholz, A. B.; Von Cossel, J. 2011. Assessing the importance of hub airports for cargo carriers and its implications for a sustainable airport management, Research in Transportation Business & Management 1(1): 62–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rtbm.2011.06.002
Schulte, S. 2009. Frankfurt strengthens its position as a superhub, International Airport Review 11 December 2009. Available from Internet: https://www.internationalairportreview.com/article/171/frankfurt-strengthens-its-position-as-a-super-hub
Thomas-Emberson, S. 2007. Airport Interiors: Design for Business. John Wiley & Sons. 232 p.
Tłoczyński, D. 2017. Connectivity in air transport networks: an assessment of the Polish aviation market, Research Journal of the University of Gdansk. Transport Economics and Logistics 70: 53–62. https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.5922
Wanke, P. F. 2012. Capacity shortfall and efficiency determinants in Brazilian airports: evidence from bootstrapped DEA estimates, Socio-Economic Planning Sciences 46(3): 216–229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seps.2012.01.003
Wanke, P.; Barros, C. P.; Nwaogbe, O. R. 2016. Assessing productive efficiency in Nigerian airports using Fuzzy-DEA, Transport Policy 49: 9–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2016.03.012
Wu, D.; Mendel, J. M. 2008. A vector similarity measure for linguistic approximation: interval type-2 and type-1 fuzzy sets, Information Sciences 178(2): 381–402. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2007.04.014
Wu, D.; Mendel, J. M. 2007. Uncertainty measures for interval type-2 fuzzy sets, Information Sciences 177(23): 5378–5393. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2007.07.012
Yang, X.; Tok, S. K.; Su, F. 2008. The privatization and commercialization of China’s airports, Journal of Air Transport Management 14(5): 243–251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2008.04.012
Zadeh, L. A. 1975. The concept of a linguistic variable and its application to approximate reasoning – I, Information Sciences 8(3): 199–249. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0255(75)90036-5
ACI. 2018. Airport Economics 2018 Report: a Comprehensive View of The Industry’s Financial Performance. ACI (Airports Council International). 84 p.
ACI. 2017. Airport Industry Connectivity Report 2017. ACI (Airports Council International). 44 p.
ACI. 2012. Guide to Airport Performance Measures. ACI (Airports Council International). 61 p. Available from Internet: http://www.aci.aero/Media/aci/downloads/ACI_APM_Guidebook_2_2012.pdf
BAC. 2014. Land Use and Planning. Brisbane Airport Corporation (BAC), Brisbane, Australia. 28 p. Available from Internet: https://www.bne.com.au/sites/default/files/docs/BNR_EIS_MDP_B2_Land_Use.pdf
Baltazar, M. E.; Rosa, T.; Silva, J. 2018. Global decision support for airport performance and efficiency assessment, Journal of Air Transport Management 71: 220–242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2018.04.009
Bana e Costa, C. A. 2001. The use of multi‐criteria decision analysis to support the search for less conflicting policy options in a multi‐actor context: case study, Journal of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis 10(2): 111–125. https://doi.org/10.1002/mcda.292
Bana e Costa C. A.; Chagas, M. P. 2004. A career choice problem: an example of how to use MACBETH to build a quantitative value model based on qualitative value judgments, European Journal of Operational Research 153(2): 323–331. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-2217(03)00155-3
Bana e Costa, C. A.; Corrêa, É. C.; De Corte, J.-M.; Vansnick, J.-C. 2002a. Facilitating bid evaluation in public call for tenders: a socio-technical approach, Omega 30(2): 227–242. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-0483(02)00029-4
Bana e Costa, C. A.; Da Costa-Lobo, M. L.; Ramos, I. A.; Vansnick, J.-C. 2002b. Multicriteria approach for strategic town planning: the case of Barcelos, International Series in Operations Research & Management Science 44: 429–456. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0843-4_19
Bana e Costa, C. A.; Barroso, L. A.; Soares, J. O. 2002c. Qualitative modelling of credit scoring: a case study in banking, European Research Studies 5(1–2): 37–51.
Bana e Costa, C. A.; Ensslin, L.; Cornêa, É. C.; Vansnick, J.-C. 1999. Decision support systems in action: integrated application in a multicriteria decision aid process, European Journal of Operational Research 113(2): 315–335. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-2217(98)00219-7
Bana e Costa, C. A.; Nunes da Silva, F.; Vansnick, J.-C. 2001. Conflict dissolution in the public sector: a case-study, European Journal of Operational Research 130(2): 388–401. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-2217(00)00037-0
Bana e Costa, C. A.; Oliveira, R. C. 2002. Assigning priorities for maintenance, repair and refurbishment in managing a municipal housing stock, European Journal of Operational Research 138(2): 380–391. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-2217(01)00253-3
Bana e Costa, C. A.; Oliveira, C. S.; Vieira, V. 2008. Prioritization of bridges and tunnels in earthquake risk mitigation using multicriteria decision analysis: application to Lisbon, Omega 36(3): 442–450. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omega.2006.05.008
Bana e Costa, C. A.; Vansnick, J.-C. 1999. The MACBETH approach: basic ideas, software, and an application, Mathematical Modelling: Theory and Applications 4: 131–157. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0647-6_9
Berry, F.; Gillhespy, S.; Rogers, J. 2018. Airport Sustainability Practices. Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Synthesis 10. Transportation Research Board (TRB), Washington, DC, US. 112 p. https://doi.org/10.17226/13674
Bezerra, G. C. L.; Gomes, C. F. 2016a. Measuring airport service quality: A multidimensional approach, Journal of Air Transport Management 53: 85–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2016.02.001
Bezerra, G. C. L.; Gomes, C. F. 2016b. Performance measurement in airport settings: a systematic literature review, Benchmarking: an International Journal 23(4): 1027–1050. https://doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-10-2015-0099
Bezerra, G. C. L.; Gomes, C. F. 2018. Performance measurement practices in airports: Multidimensionality and utilization patterns, Journal of Air Transport Management 70: 113–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2018.05.006
Bond, S. 2013. The Importance of Airport Brand – Branding your Airport. Queensland Airports Ltd., Australia. 13 p. Available from Internet: http://www.aci-asiapac.aero/services/main/17/upload/service/17/self/55cc67ce009f5.pdf
Brunelli, M.; Rezaei, J. 2019. A multiplicative best-worst method for multi-criteria decision making, Operations Research Letters 47(1): 12–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orl.2018.11.008
Burghouwt, G.; De Wit, J.; Veldhuis, J.; Matsumoto, H. 2009. Air network performance and hub competitive position: evaluation of primary airports in East and South-East Asia, Airport Management 3(4): 384–400.
CAG. 2018. Explore Changi. Changi Airport Group (CAG), Singapore. Available from Internet: http://www.changiairport.com/en.html
Cahill, C.; Palcic, D.; Reeves, E. 2017. Commercialisation and airport performance: the case of Ireland’s DAA, Journal of Air Transport Management 59: 155–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2016.12.002
Carlucci, F.; Cirà, A.; Coccorese, P. 2018. Measuring and explaining airport efficiency and sustainability: evidence from Italy, Sustainability 10(2): 400. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10020400
Castro, R.; Lohmann, G. 2014. Airport branding: content analysis of vision statements, Research in Transportation Business & Management 10: 4–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rtbm.2014.01.001
CDA. 2013. Sustainable Airport Manual. Chicago Department of Aviation (CDA), Chicago, US. 544 p. Available from Internet: https://www.flychicago.com/community/environment/sam/Pages/default.aspx
Chung, T. W.; Lee, Y. J.; Jang, H. M. 2017. A Comparative analysis of three major transfer airports in Northeast Asia focusing on Incheon international airport using a conjoint analysis, The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics 33(4): 237–244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajsl.2017.12.007
Clivillé, V.; Berrah, L.; Mauris, G. 2007. Quantitative expression and aggregation of performance measurements based on the MACBETH multi-criteria method, International Journal of Production Economics 105(1): 171–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2006.03.002
Ennen, D.; Batool, I. 2018. Airport efficiency in Pakistan – a data envelopment analysis with weight restrictions, Journal of Air Transport Management 69: 205–212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2018.02.007
Enoma, A.; Allen, S. 2007. Developing key performance indicators for airport safety and security, Facilities 25(7/8): 296–315. https://doi.org/10.1108/02632770710753334
Eshtaiwi, M.; Badi, I.; Abdulshahed, A.; Erkan, T. 2017. Assessment of airport performance using the grey theory method: a case study in Libya, Grey Systems: Theory and Application 7(3): 426–436. https://doi.org/10.1108/GS-07-2017-0023
Eshtaiwi, M.; Badi, I.; Abdulshahed, A.; Erkan, T. E. 2018. Determination of key performance indicators for measuring airport success: a case study in Libya, Journal of Air Transport Management 68: 28–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2017.12.004
Fakhfakh, N.; Verjus, H.; Pourraz, F.; Moreaux, P. 2011. Measuring the Satisfaction Degree of Quality Attributes Requirements for Services Orchestrations, in CTRQ2011: The Fourth International Conference on Communication Theory, Reliability, and Quality of Service, 17–22 April 2011, Budapest, Hungary, 89–94.
Figueiredo, T.; Castro, R. 2019. Passengers perceptions of airport branding strategies: the case of Tom Jobim International Airport – RIOgaleão, Brazil, Journal of Air Transport Management 74: 13–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2018.09.010
Fitch, A. 2016. Iran lays groundwork for regional airport hub in Tehran, The Wall Street Journal 4 October 2016. Available from Internet: https://www.wsj.com/articles/iran-lays-groundwork-for-regional-airport-hub-in-tehran-1475573401
Freathy, P.; O’Connell, F. 1999. Planning for profit: the commercialization of European airports, Long Range Planning 32(6): 587–597. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0024-6301(99)00075-8
Halpern, N.; Pagliari, R. 2008. Direct, moderating and mediating effects of market orientation on the performance of airports in Europe’s peripheral areas, Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing 24(1): 47–61. https://doi.org/10.1300/J073v24n01_04
Hashemi, S. S.; Razavi Hajiagha, S. H.; Amiri, M. 2014. Decision making with unknown data: development of ELECTRE method based on black numbers, Informatica 25(1): 21–36. https://doi.org/10.15388/Informatica.2014.02
Hashemkhani Zolfani, S.; Chatterjee, P. 2019. Comparative evaluation of sustainable design based on step-wise weight assessment ratio analysis (SWARA) and best worst method (BWM) methods: a perspective on household furnishing materials, Symmetry 11(1): 74. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11010074
Homsombat, W.; Lei, Z.; Fu, X. 2011. Development status and prospects for aviation hubs – a comparative study of the major airports in South-East Asia, The Singapore Economic Review 56(4): 573–591. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217590811004420
Hu, J.; Zhang, Y.; Chen, X.; Liu, Y. 2013. Multi-criteria decision making method based on possibility degree of interval type-2 fuzzy number, Knowledge-Based Systems 43: 21–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.knosys.2012.11.007
ICAO. 2013. Airport Economics Manual. International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). 152 p. Available from Internet: https://www.icao.int/sustainability/Documents/Doc9562_en.pdf
ICAO. 2012. Flightpath to a Sustainable Future: the Rio+20 Global Biofuels Initiative. International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). 32 p. Available from Internet: https://www.icao.int/environmental-protection/Documents/RIO+20_Flightpath_Review.pdf
Jahangoshai Rezaee, M.; Yousefi, S. 2018. An intelligent decision making approach for identifying and analyzing airport risks, Journal of Air Transport Management 68: 14–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2017.06.013
Jantachalobon, N.; Suthikarnnarunai, N. 2015. The evaluation forms of international passenger airport hub in Southeast Asia, Journal of Applied Engineering Science 13(2): 93–104. https://doi.org/10.5937/jaes13-8382
Karande, P.; Chakraborty, S. 2014. A facility layout selection model using MACBETH method, in Proceedings of the 2014 International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management, 7–9 January 2014, Bali, Indonesia, 17–26.
Karande, P.; Chakraborty, S. 2013. Using MACBETH method for supplier selection in manufacturing environment, International Journal of Industrial Engineering Computations 4(2): 259–272. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.ijiec.2013.01.002
Keshavarz Ghorabaee, M.; Amiri, M.; Zavadskas, E. K.; Turskis, Z.; Antuchevičienė, J. 2017. A new hybrid simulation-based assignment approach for evaluating airlines with multiple service quality criteria, Journal of Air Transport Management 63: 45–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2017.05.008
Lai, P.-L.; Potter, A.; Beynon, M.; Beresford, A. 2015. Evaluating the efficiency performance of airports using an integrated AHP/DEA-AR technique, Transport Policy 42: 75–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2015.04.008
Lee, K.; Yu, C. 2018. Assessment of airport service quality: a complementary approach to measure perceived service quality based on Google reviews, Journal of Air Transport Management 71: 28–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2018.05.004
Lee, Y.-K.; Park, J.-W. 2016. Impact of a sustainable brand on improving business performance of airport enterprises: the case of Incheon international airport, Journal of Air Transport Management 53: 46–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2016.01.002
Lo Storto, C. L. 2018. The analysis of the cost-revenue production cycle efficiency of the Italian airports: a NSBM DEA approach, Journal of Air Transport Management 72: 77–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2018.05.010
Lozano, S.; Gutiérrez, E.; Moreno, P. 2013. Network DEA approach to airports performance assessment considering undesirable outputs, Applied Mathematical Modelling 37(4): 1665–1676. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2012.04.041
Milbredt, O.; Castro, A.; Ayazkhani, A.; Christ, T. 2017. Passenger-centric airport management via new terminal interior design concepts, Transportation Research Procedia 27: 1235–1241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2017.12.008
Mirković, B.; Tošić, V. 2017. The difference between hub and non-hub airports – an airside capacity perspective, Journal of Air Transport Management 62: 121–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2017.03.013
Monsalud, A.; Ho, D.; Rakas, J. 2015. Greenhouse gas emissions mitigation strategies within the airport sustainability evaluation process, Sustainable Cities and Society 14: 414–424. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2014.08.003
Montignac, F.; Noirot, I.; Chaudourne, S. 2009. Multi-criteria evaluation of on-board hydrogen storage technologies using the MACBETH approach, International Journal Hydrogen Energy 34(10): 4561–4568. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.09.098
O’Connell, J. F. 2011. The rise of the Arabian Gulf carriers: an insight into the business model of Emirates airline, Journal of Air Transport Management 17(6): 339–346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2011.02.003
O’Connell, J. F.; Bueno, O. E. 2018. A study into the hub performance Emirates, Etihad Airways and Qatar Airways and their competitive position against the major European hubbing airlines, Journal of Air Transport Management 69: 257–268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2016.11.006
OECD. 2001. OECD Environmental Strategy for the First Decade of the 21st Century. Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). 22 p. Available from Internet: https://www.oecd.org/env/indicators-modelling-outlooks/1863539.pdf
Olfat, L.; Amiri, M.; Bamdad Soufi, J.; Pishdar, M. 2016. A dynamic network efficiency measurement of airports performance considering sustainable development concept: A fuzzy dynamic network-DEA approach, Journal of Air Transport Management 57: 272–290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2016.08.007
Olfat, L.; Pishdar, M. 2017. Interval type-2 fuzzy dynamic network data envelopment analysis with undesirable outputs considering double frontiers: an application to Iran airports’ sustainability evaluation, International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice 24(6): 635–662.
Pantouvakis, A.; Renzi, M. F. 2016. Exploring different nationality perceptions of airport service quality, Journal of Air Trans-port Management 52: 90–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2015.12.005
Peneda, M. J. A.; Reis, V. D.; Macário, M. do R. M. R. 2011. Critical factors for development of airport cities, Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2214: 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3141/2214-01
Piltz, C.; Voltes-Dorta, A.; Suau-Sanchez, P. 2018. A comparative analysis of hub connections of European and Asian airports against Middle Eastern hubs in intercontinental markets, Journal of Air Transport Management 66: 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2017.09.006
Pourhejazy, P.; Sarkis, J.; Zhu, Q. 2019. A fuzzy-based decision aid method for product deletion of fast moving consumer goods, Expert Systems with Applications 119: 272–288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2018.11.001
Puls, R.; Lentz, C. 2018. Retail concessions at European airports: commercial strategies to improve non-aeronautical revenue from leisure travelers, Journal of Air Transport Management 71: 243–249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2018.04.010
Rezaei, J. 2015. Best-worst multi-criteria decision-making method, Omega 53: 49–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omega.2014.11.009
Rodgers, B. 2015. Sustainable Airport Master Plan. Master Plan Presentation. University Park Airport, Pennsylvania State University, PA, US. 22 p.
Rodrigues, T. C. 2014. The MACBETH approach to health value measurement: building a population health index in group processes, Procedia Technology 16: 1361–1366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.protcy.2014.10.153
Roubens, M.; Rusinowska, A.; De Swart, H. 2006. Using MAC-BETH to determine utilities of governments to parties in coalition formation, European Journal of Operational Research 172(2): 588–603. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2004.10.017
SAGA. 2018. Sustainable Principles and Practices. Sustainable Aviation Guidance Alliance (SAGA). Available from Internet: http://www.airportsustainability.org
Schmidberger, S.; Bals, L.; Hartmann, E.; Jahns, C. 2009. Ground handling services at European hub airports: Development of a performance measurement system for benchmarking, International Journal of Production Economics 117(1): 104–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2008.10.006
Shojaei, P.; Seyed Haeri, S. A.; Mohammadi, S. 2018. Airports evaluation and ranking model using Taguchi loss function, best-worst method and VIKOR technique, Journal of Air Transport Management 68: 4–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2017.05.006
Scholz, A. B.; Von Cossel, J. 2011. Assessing the importance of hub airports for cargo carriers and its implications for a sustainable airport management, Research in Transportation Business & Management 1(1): 62–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rtbm.2011.06.002
Schulte, S. 2009. Frankfurt strengthens its position as a superhub, International Airport Review 11 December 2009. Available from Internet: https://www.internationalairportreview.com/article/171/frankfurt-strengthens-its-position-as-a-super-hub
Thomas-Emberson, S. 2007. Airport Interiors: Design for Business. John Wiley & Sons. 232 p.
Tłoczyński, D. 2017. Connectivity in air transport networks: an assessment of the Polish aviation market, Research Journal of the University of Gdansk. Transport Economics and Logistics 70: 53–62. https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.5922
Wanke, P. F. 2012. Capacity shortfall and efficiency determinants in Brazilian airports: evidence from bootstrapped DEA estimates, Socio-Economic Planning Sciences 46(3): 216–229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seps.2012.01.003
Wanke, P.; Barros, C. P.; Nwaogbe, O. R. 2016. Assessing productive efficiency in Nigerian airports using Fuzzy-DEA, Transport Policy 49: 9–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2016.03.012
Wu, D.; Mendel, J. M. 2008. A vector similarity measure for linguistic approximation: interval type-2 and type-1 fuzzy sets, Information Sciences 178(2): 381–402. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2007.04.014
Wu, D.; Mendel, J. M. 2007. Uncertainty measures for interval type-2 fuzzy sets, Information Sciences 177(23): 5378–5393. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2007.07.012
Yang, X.; Tok, S. K.; Su, F. 2008. The privatization and commercialization of China’s airports, Journal of Air Transport Management 14(5): 243–251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2008.04.012
Zadeh, L. A. 1975. The concept of a linguistic variable and its application to approximate reasoning – I, Information Sciences 8(3): 199–249. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0255(75)90036-5