New existence and exponential stability results for periodic solutions in recurrent neural networks with generalized piecewise constant delay via coincidence degree theory

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3846/mma.2026.25296

Abstract

The present work investigates recurrent neural systems incorporating generalized piecewise constant delay, with particular emphasis on establishing periodic behaviors and verifying their exponential convergence on a global scale. The existence of periodic solutions is established via Mawhin’s coincidence degree in combination with sharp a priori estimates, while uniqueness and exponential attractivity are derived through a Lyapunov functional approach supported by differential inequalities adapted to the delay structure. The obtained criteria are concise, verifiable, and applicable in practice. Representative computational experiments are provided to substantiate the analytical findings.

Keywords:

recurrent neural networks, generalized piecewise constant delay, periodic solutions, coincidence degree theory, global exponential stability, method of Lyapunov functions

How to Cite

Chiu, K.-S. (2026). New existence and exponential stability results for periodic solutions in recurrent neural networks with generalized piecewise constant delay via coincidence degree theory. Mathematical Modelling and Analysis, 31(3), 476–498. https://doi.org/10.3846/mma.2026.25296

Share

Published in Issue
June 18, 2026
Abstract Views
0

References

M. Akhmet. Nonlinear Hybrid Continuous/Discrete-Time Models. Atlantis Press Paris, 2011. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-91216-03-9

A.J.G. Bento, J.J. Oliveira and C.M. Silva. Existence and stability of a periodic solution of a general difference equation with applications to neural networks with a delay in the leakage terms. Commun. Nonlinear Sci. Numer. Simul., 126:107429, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnsns.2023.107429

A.-P. Chen and Q.-H. Gu. Periodic solution to BAM-type Cohen–Grossberg neural network with time-varying delays. Acta Math. Appl. Sin. Engl. Ser., 27(3):427–442, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10255-011-0082-x

S. Chen, K. Wang, J. Liu and X. Lin. Periodic solutions of Cohen–Grossberg-type bidirectional associative memory neural networks with neutral delays and impulses. AIMS Math., 6(3):2539–2558, 2021. https://doi.org/10.3934/math.2021154

X. Chen and Q. Song. Global exponential stability of the periodic solution of delayed cohen–grossberg neural networks with discontinuous activations. Neurocomputing, 73(16–18):3097–3104, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2010.06.010

K.-S. Chiu. Stability analysis of periodic solutions in alternately advanced and retarded neural network models with impulses. Taiwan. J. Math., 26(1):137–176, 2022. https://doi.org/10.11650/tjm/210902

K.-S. Chiu. Almost periodic solutions of differential equations with generalized piecewise constant delay. Math., 12(22):3528, 2024. https://doi.org/10.3390/math12223528

K.-S. Chiu. Existence and exponential convergence of periodic orbits in generalized piecewise constant delay cohen-grossberg neural networks model via coincidence degree theory. J. Frankl. Inst., 363(5):108496, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfranklin.2026.108496

K.-S. Chiu and F. Córdova-Lepe. Global exponential periodicity and stability of neural network models with generalized piecewise constant delay. Math. Slovaca, 71(2):491–512, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1515/ms-2017-0483

L.O. Chua and L. Yang. Cellular neural networks: Theory. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst., 35(10):1257–1272, 1988. https://doi.org/10.1109/31.7600

Z. Dai and B. Du. Global dynamic analysis of periodic solution for discretetime inertial neural networks with delays. AIMS Math., 6(4):3242–3256, 2021. https://doi.org/10.3934/math.2021194

R.E. Gaines and J.L. Mawhin. Coincidence Degree and Nonlinear Differential Equations. Lecture Notes in Mathematics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 1977. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0089537

J. Gao, Q.R. Wang and L.W. Zhang. Existence and stability of almostperiodic solutions for cellular neural networks with time-varying delays in leakage terms on time scales. Appl. Math. Comput., 237:639–649, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2014.03.051

J.J. Hopfield. Neurons with graded response have collective computational properties like those of two-state neurons. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 81(10):3088– 3092, 1984. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.81.10.3088.

F. Kong, Q. Zhu and H.R. Karimi. Fixed-time periodic stabilization of discontinuous reaction–diffusion Cohen–Grossberg neural networks. Neural Netw., 166:354–365, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2023.07.017

M. Kwon and J.H. Park. New delay-dependent robust stability criterion for uncertain neural networks with time-varying delays. Appl. Math. Comput., 205(1):417–427, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2008.08.020

H. Li and H. Jiang. Existence and global exponential stability of periodic solution for memristor-based BAM neural networks with time-varying delays. Neural Netw., 75:97–109, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2015.12.006

Y.K. Li and Y. Kuang. Periodic solutions of periodic delay Lotka– Volterra equations and systems. J. Math. Anal. Appl., 255(1):260–280, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmaa.2000.7248

M. Pinto. Asymptotic equivalence of nonlinear and quasilinear differential equations with piecewise constant arguments. Math. Comput. Model., 49(9–10):1750– 1758, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcm.2008.10.001

M. Xu and B. Du. Dynamic behaviors for reaction–diffusion neural networks with mixed delays: existence and globally exponential stability of periodic mild solutions. AIMS Math., 5(6):6841–6855, 2020. https://doi.org/10.3934/math.2020439

M. Xu and B. Du. Periodic solution for neutral-type inertial neural networks with time-varying delays. Adv. Differ. Equ., 2020(1):607, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13662-020-03069-y

L. Yang and Y. Li. Existence and exponential stability of periodic solution for stochastic Hopfield neural networks on time scales. Neurocomputing, 167(1):543– 550, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2015.04.038

Q. Zhang, X. Wei and J. Xu. Stability of delayed cellular neural networks. Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, 31(2):514–520, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chaos.2005.10.003

X. Zhang, W. Li and K. Wang. The existence and global exponential stability of periodic solution for a neutral coupled system on networks with delays. Appl. Math. Comput., 264:208–217, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2015.04.109

View article in other formats

CrossMark check

CrossMark logo

Published

2026-06-18

Issue

Section

Articles

How to Cite

Chiu, K.-S. (2026). New existence and exponential stability results for periodic solutions in recurrent neural networks with generalized piecewise constant delay via coincidence degree theory. Mathematical Modelling and Analysis, 31(3), 476–498. https://doi.org/10.3846/mma.2026.25296

Share