Impact of the war in Ukraine on international trade trends

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3846/mla.2025.23399

Abstract

The ongoing war in Ukraine, which began in 2014, has significantly disrupted global trade, particularly in energy, agriculture, and supply chains. This study integrates economic, trade, and geopolitical theories with empirical data to analyse the conflict’s immediate and long-term effects on international trade. Key findings reveal a sharp decline in Ukraine’s agricultural exports, with grain and oilseed shipments dropping over 40% since 2022, exacerbating global shortages. Fertilizer exports from both Russia and Ukraine have also plummeted, causing a 70% increase in global prices and impacting agricultural productivity in countries like Bangladesh, Egypt, and India. In response, nations have reshuffled trade partnerships, with Egypt increasing wheat imports from India and Brazil, and Indonesia turning to Australia and China for fertilizers, albeit with higher costs and logistical challenges. The conflict has led to a 20% rise in global food prices, worsening food insecurity, especially in vulnerable regions. The study underscores the need for diversified supply sources, enhanced domestic agricultural production, and resilient supply chains to mitigate the impacts of geopolitical conflicts on global trade and food security.

Article in English.

Ukrainos karo įtaka tarptautinės prekybos tendencijoms

Santrauka

Besitęsiantis karas Ukrainoje, prasidėjęs 2014 metais, smarkiai sutrikdė pasaulinę prekybą, ypač energetikos, žemės ūkio ir tiekimo grandinių srityse. Šiame tyrime ekonominės, prekybos ir geopolitinės teorijos yra derinamos su empiriniais duomenimis, siekiant išanalizuoti konflikto tiesiogines ir ilgalaikes įtakas tarptautinei prekybai. Pagrindiniai tyrimo rezultatai atskleidžia staigų Ukrainos žemės ūkio eksporto mažėjimą, javų ir aliejinių sėklų eksportas nuo 2022 metų sumažėjo daugiau nei 40 %, dar labiau pablogindamas pasaulinį maisto produktų trūkumą. Trąšų eksportas tiek iš Rusijos, tiek iš Ukrainos taip pat smarkiai sumažėjo, dėl to pasaulinės kainos išaugo 70 % ir paveikė žemės ūkio produktyvumą tokiose šalyse kaip Bangladešas, Egiptas ir Indija. Į tai reaguodamos, šalys pergrupavo prekybos partnerystes, Egiptas padidino kviečių importą iš Indijos ir Brazilijos, o Indonezija kreipėsi į Australiją ir Kiniją dėl trąšų, nors tai ir kelia didesnes išlaidas bei logistinius iššūkius. Konfliktas lėmė 20 % pasaulinių maisto kainų kilimą, o tai dar labiau pablogino maisto saugumo situaciją, ypač pažeidžiamuose regionuose. Tyrime pabrėžiama būtinybė diversifikuoti tiekimo šaltinius, stiprinti vidaus žemės ūkio gamybą ir atsparias tiekimo grandines, siekiant sušvelninti geopolitinių konfliktų įtaką pasaulinei prekybai ir maisto saugumui.

Reikšminiai žodžiai: pasaulinė prekyba, Ukrainos karas, trąšų ir kviečių rinkos nepastovumas, žemės ūkio eksportas, maisto saugumo įtaka.

Keywords:

global trade, Ukraine war, fertilizer and wheat market volatility, agricultural exports, food security implications

How to Cite

Kosormyhin, T. (2025). Impact of the war in Ukraine on international trade trends. Mokslas – Lietuvos Ateitis Science – Future of Lithuania, 17. https://doi.org/10.3846/mla.2025.23399

Share

Published in Issue
May 23, 2025
Abstract Views
0

References

Ben Hassen, T., & El Bilali, H. (2022). Impacts of the Russia-Ukraine war on global food security: Towards more sustainable and resilient food systems? Foods, 11(15), Article 2301. https://doi.org/10.3390/FOODS11152301

Braun, E., Braun, E., Gyimesi, A., Iloskics, Z., & Sebestyén, T. (2023). Exposure to trade disruptions in case of the Russia–Ukraine conflict: A product network approach. The World Economy, 46(10), 2950–2982. https://doi.org/10.1111/twec.13417

Ericksen, P. J. (2008). Conceptualizing food systems for global environmental change research. Global Environmental Change, 18(1), 234–245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2007.09.002

Fris, P. L., Medytskyi, I. B., Mykytyn, Y. I., & Shpiliarevych, V. V. (2019). The annexation of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the armed conflict in Eastern Ukraine as a crime of aggression by the Russian Federation against Ukraine. Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics, 10(1), 165–172. https://doi.org/10.14505//jarle.v10.1(39).17

Glauben, T., Svanidze, M., Götz, L., Prehn, S., Jamali Jaghdani, T., Đurić, I., & Kuhn, L. (2022). The war in Ukraine, agricultural trade and risks to global food security. Intereconomics, 2022(3), 157–163. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10272-022-1052-7

Guénette, J.-D., Kenworthy, P., & Wheeler, C. (2022). Implications of the war in Ukraine for the global economy. World Bank. https://doi.org/10.1596/37372

Hussein, H., & Knol, M. (2023). The Ukraine war, food trade and the network of global crises. International Spectator, 58(3), 74–95. https://doi.org/10.1080/03932729.2023.2211894

Janzen, J., & Zulauf, C. (2023). The Russia-Ukraine war and changes in Ukraine corn and wheat supply: Impacts on global agricultural markets. Farmdoc Daily, 13(34), 1–6. https://farmdocdaily.illinois.edu/2023/02/the-russia-ukraine-war-and-changes-in-ukraine-corn-and-wheat-supply-impacts-on-global-agricultural-markets.html

Legrand, N. (2023). War in Ukraine: The rational “wait-and-see” mode of global food markets. Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, 45(2), 626–644. https://doi.org/10.1002/aepp.13335

Nechyporenko, O., Bodnar, O., Ihnatenko, V., & Chesakova, M. (2022). Problems and prospects of the development of the agrarian sphere in the conditions of the Russian-Ukrainian war and the post-war economic recovery. Economic Affairs, 67(5), 933–941. https://doi.org/10.46852/0424-2513.5.2022.29

Ozili, P. K. (2024). Global economic consequences of Russian invasion of Ukraine. In Dealing with regional conflicts of global importance (pp. 195–223). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-9467-7.ch010

Rose, A., Chen, Z., & Wei, D. (2023). The economic impacts of Russia–Ukraine war export disruptions of grain commodities. Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, 45(2), 645–665. https://doi.org/10.1002/aepp.13351

Rosstat. (2025). Federal State Statistics Service. https://eng.rosstat.gov.ru/

Shubravska, O., & Prokopenko, K. (2022). The agricultural sector of Ukraine in the global food market: Pre-war state and post-war prospects. Research on World Agricultural Economy, 3(4), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.36956/rwae.v3i4.693

Steinbach, S. (2023). The Russia-Ukraine war and global trade reallocations. Economics Letters, 226, Article 111075. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2023.111075

Sytnik, I., Stopochkin, A., & Wielki, J. (2019). Analysis of macroeconomic factors affecting the investment potential of an enterprise. European Research Studies Journal, XXII(4), 140–167. https://doi.org/10.35808/ersj/1503

Ukrstat. (2025). News. https://ukrstat.gov.ua/index.html

World Bank. (2025). Imports of goods and services (current US$). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/ne.imp.gnfs.cd

View article in other formats

CrossMark check

CrossMark logo

Published

2025-05-23

Issue

Section

Economics and Management / Ekonomika ir vadyba

How to Cite

Kosormyhin, T. (2025). Impact of the war in Ukraine on international trade trends. Mokslas – Lietuvos Ateitis Science – Future of Lithuania, 17. https://doi.org/10.3846/mla.2025.23399

Share