Changes in physico-chemical parameters during forced-aeration static-pile co-composting of cattle manure with calcium cyanamide

Abstract

The goal of this research was to determine the effect of CaCN₂ addition into manure mixed with sawdust on the composting process under forced-aeration static condition, especially on nitrogen (N). The changes in the physical and chemical parameters over the entire composting period were evaluated. The profile of temperature, pH, and NO₃ –^-N was improved in the piles mixed with 2%, 3% and 4% CaCN₂ (the test piles). The NH₄ +^-N met the limit value accepted for mature compost. Finally, the additive contents of not less than 2% but not more than 3% in CaCN₂ were recommended for this system based upon a comprehensive evaluation of the measured parameters.