Journal of Architecture and Urbanism

Complex revitalization of historically formed industrial territories in Kyiv in post-war recovery

Nellya Leshchenko, Daryna Gulei — Mon, 29 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0200

The article is aimed at considering revitalization as a complex renewing method and a component of the complex process of restorative-reconstructive transformations of the historical urban environment. The effectiveness of complex revitalization with the involvement of various restoring and renewing methods has been proven. It allows at different system levels to revive and improve the quality of heterogeneous in terms of historical and architectural value and destruction of the historical urban environment, which usually includes the historically formed industrial territories. Such heterogeneity of the historical urban environment, reinforced over the last year by the devastating consequences of the war, today is characteristic of Kyiv and many cities of Ukraine, and therefore the proposed methodology is extremely relevant. The analysis of the experience of revitalizing former industrial territories of Lodz, as the most successful among the cities of Poland – the country with the closest historical, cultural, and architectural ties to Ukraine, is extremely valuable for pre-project studies of neglected and ruined historically formed industrial territories of Kyiv. The proposed concept of revitalizing degraded former industrial territories in Podil and on Radyshcheva Street in Kyiv has demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.

Social production and consumption of space: study of public-market in Bandung, Indonesia

Agus Ekomadyo, Ike J. Triwardhani — Tue, 20 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0200

This paper aims to examine the role of architecture in social production and consumption of space, using public markets –architectural artifacts with rich social contents– as cases. This research adopts Low’s (2017) concept of social production of space and Dovey’s (2010) social constructivism of place to uncover the social production and consumption of public markets’ space. Cihapit and Pamoyanan market in Bandung, Indonesia, are selected as research cases, due to their cultural contents, appealing to consumers from middle to upper class society. It is found several roles of architecture in social production and consumption of public market space: building typology and morphology signifies historical context of development; architectural buildings contributes to formalize trading activities and elevating social class of market traders; commodities zoning is organized based on functional and socio-historical consideration; spatial intensity is determined by access and commodities zoning; informal atmosphere emerges as a distinctive advantage of public markets; and spatial quality is relative depends on governance capacity. Although normative criteria for good design can be formulated, in practice, spatial quality of public market is relative and depends on its capacity for spatial governmentality. By exploring social production and consumption of space and place provides broader perspective on the social practices of architecture, emphasizing its contribution for social and humanity studies.

Evolving research method in three-dimensional and volumetric urban morphology of a highly dense city: assessing public and quasi-public space typologies

Hee Sun (Sunny) Choi, Gerhard Bruyns, Tian Cheng, Jiangtao Xie — Tue, 19 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0200

An appropriate urban density is a vital part of a sustainable urban fabric. However, when it comes to measuring the built urban fabric and how people walk through it and use, a difficulty has been observed in defining applicable measurement tools. With the intention of identifying the variables that will allow the best characterization of this fabric and movement, a multi-variable analysis methodology from the field of artificial intelligence (AI) is proposed. The main objective of this paper is to prove the capacity of AI as an evolving research method in urban morphology and specifically to evaluate the capacity of such a methodology to measure the way in which people travel through defined multi-levels of typologies of public urban space. The research uses the case of Hong Kong as a dense city that is three-dimensionally activated in terms of its public realm, not just at street level, but also via below ground subways and upper-level walkways, public and quasi-public spaces. This includes the three-dimensional volumetric assessment of public and quasi-public space typologies within a highly dense city. For the purpose of the study, a characterization and term definition of these spaces has been further developed: “Junctions”, “Landmarks”, “Intersections”, “Districts”, “Passages” and “Lobbies” (both outdoor and indoor) based on Lynch’s 5 main key elements (District, landmark, path, edges, node). The results obtained using AI prove to be more robust and rational than those based on a more limited range of tools, evidencing that using AI can offer operational opportunities for better understanding of morphological and typological evolution within the vertical and volumetric built urban fabric.

An exploratory study of the evolution of urban green spaces in Lisbon using diachronic analysis of orthophoto maps

Krisztina Ramneantu, Teresa Marat-Mendes — Wed, 10 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0300

Green urbanism, namely in the form of consolidated urban green spaces (UGSs), has gained traction along with the reformist impetus of urban design, based on the ideal of efficient, functional, sustainable cities that promote a better quality of life for their citizens and on the notion of making urban expansion compatible with natural resources. Using a diachronic analysis (1995–2020) of the orthophoto maps of 38 UGSs included in the last version of the main municipality’s legislation, framed within the Plano Director Municipal (PDM), whose first version was approved in 1994, we assessed the situation and evolution of the UGSs in the centre of Lisbon, Portugal. We conclude that with fewer or more incidences, depending on the periods analysed, the structure of UGSs in the centre of Lisbon has undergone significant changes, whether in terms of the implementation and requalification of existing UGSs or in terms of the increment and quality of UGSs (space created), thus respecting to a lesser or greater degree the strategic lines defined in various plans, as is the case of the PDM itself, but also of other important documents, such as the Carta Estratégica 2010–2024, Estratégia de Reabilitação Urbana 2011–2024 and Estratégia Regional de Lisboa 2030.