Opportunities for investment in Airbnb short-term rental properties: Predictive modelling for categorisation and revenue estimation

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3846/ijspm.2026.27872

Abstract

This paper discusses the rapidly developing property sector in Edinburgh, Scotland, which in recent years has been shaped by growth in tourism and the expansion of the short-term rental market. The study aims to investigate how Airbnb listings can be categorised into the tiers offering low, medium and high potential earnings for investors. Research methodology includes the K-Means clustering, based on features, such as location, availability, property type, number of bedrooms, bathrooms and price. The paper further examines what variables influence the investors’ revenue streams most. The application of the Random Forest Model to the K-Means clustering results showed that pricing, availability and guest capacity were the principal variables affecting earnings. Incorporating predictive modelling into the market categorisation enabled this study to offer a practical, data-based framework for potential investors who are considering various options for investment in properties with an intent to offer them for short-term rent via Airbnb. 

Keywords:

Airbnb, short-term rentals, earnings potential, investment, predictive modelling

How to Cite

Nash, N., Otri, E., & Mouraviev, N. (2026). Opportunities for investment in Airbnb short-term rental properties: Predictive modelling for categorisation and revenue estimation. International Journal of Strategic Property Management, 30(3), 259–272. https://doi.org/10.3846/ijspm.2026.27872

Share

Published in Issue
September 2, 2026
Abstract Views
63

References

Abrate, G., Sainaghi, R., & Mauri, A. G. (2022). Dynamic pricing in Airbnb: Individual versus professional hosts. Journal of Business Research, 141, 191–199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.12.012

Airbnb. (2020). Scotland short-term lets regulation proposals: The steps you’ll need to take to comply. https://news.airbnb.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2020/10/ScotlandShortTermLetsProposal1310.pdf

Airbnb. (2024). Six months on: An update on the impact of Scotland’s short-term let rules. https://news.airbnb.com/en-uk/six-months-on-an-update-on-the-impact-of-scotlands-short-term-let-rules/

Barron, K., Kung, E., & Proserpio, D. (2020). The effect of home-sharing on house prices and rents: Evidence from Airbnb. Marketing Science, 40(1), 23–47. https://doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2020.1227

Benesty, J., Chen, J., Huang, Y., & Cohen, I. (Eds.). (2009). Pearson correlation coefficient. In Noise reduction in speech processing: Vol. 2. Springer topics in signal processing (pp. 1–4). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00296-0_5

Bibler, A., Teltser, K., & Tremblay, M. (2021). Is sharing really caring? The effect of Airbnb on the affordability of housing. SSRN. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3846919

Camatti, N., di Tollo, G., Filograsso, G., & Ghilardi, S. (2024). Predicting Airbnb pricing: A comparative analysis of artificial intelligence and traditional approaches. Computational Management Science, 21, Article 30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10287-024-00511-4

Cervera, D. D. J., de Esteban Curiel, J., & Pérez-Bustamante Yábar, D. C. (2024). Machine learning for short-term property rental pricing based on seasonality and proximity to food establishments. British Food Journal, 126(13), 332–352. https://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-07-2023-0634

Chen, L.-P. (2021). Practical statistics for data scientists: 50+ essential concepts using r and python. Technometrics, 63(2), 272–273. https://doi.org/10.1080/00401706.2021.1904738

Cocola-Gant, A., & Gago, A. (2021). Airbnb, buy-to-let investment and tourism-driven displacement: A case study in Lisbon. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 53(7), 1671–1688. https://doi.org/10.1177/0308518X19869012

Congiu, R., Pino, F., & Rondi, L. (2024). The uneven effect of Airbnb on the housing market: Evidence across and within Italian cities. Journal of Regional Science, 65(2), 339–377. https://doi.org/10.1111/jors.12737

Ding, K., Niu, Y., & Choo, W. C. (2023). The evolution of Airbnb research: A systematic literature review using structural topic modelling. Heliyon, 9(6), Article e17090. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17090

Duso, T., Michelsen, C., Schäfer, M., & Tran, K. D. (2024). Airbnb and rental markets: Evidence from Berlin. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 106, Article 104007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104007

Edinburgh Council. (2023). Statement of licensing policy. https://consultationhub.edinburgh.gov.uk/ce/overprovision-of-licensed-premises/user_uploads/statement_of_licensing_policy_2023-1.pdf

Gabriel, F. S., Ribeiro, K. D. S., & Rogers, P. (2015). Real estate investment trusts performance: Brazil versus United States. Business and Management Review, 1, 45–67.

García-López, M. À., Jofre-Monseny, J., Martínez-Mazza, R., & Segú, M. (2020). Do short-term rental platforms affect housing markets? Evidence from Airbnb in Barcelona. Journal of Urban Economics, 119, Article 103278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2020.103278

Gauß, P., Gensler, S., Kortenhaus, M., Riedel, N., & Schneider, A. (2024). Regulating the sharing economy: The effects of day caps on short- and long‑term rental markets and stakeholder outcomes. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 52, 1627–1650. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-024-01028-7

Gibbs, C., Guttentag, D., Gretzel, U., Yao, L., & Morton, J. (2018). Use of dynamic pricing strategies by Airbnb hosts. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 30(1), 2–20. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-09-2016-0540

Guttentag, D. A., Mahdikhani, M., Starr, C., & Starr, E. (2026). How Airbnb guest experiences differ by accommodation type: A lexicon-based sentiment analysis of Airbnb reviews. Tourism Recreation Research, 51(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2025.2449627

Hong, S., & Lynn, H. S. (2020). Accuracy of random-forest-based imputation of missing data in the presence of non-normality, non-linearity, and interaction. BMC Med Research Methodology, 20, Article 199. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-020-01080-1

Hur, D., Lee, S., & Kim, H. (2024). The impact of Airbnb on long-term rental markets in San Francisco: A geospatial analysis using multiscale geographically weighted regression. International Journal of Geo-Information, 13(9), Article 298. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi13090298

Iliopoulou, P., Krassanakis, V., & Kappelos, K. (2025). Modeling the spatial impact of short-term rentals on house prices: The case of Athens, Greece. Urban Science, 9(12), Article 539. https://doi.org/10.3390/urbansci9120539

Inside Airbnb. (2024). Get the data. https://insideairbnb.com/get-the-data/

Jaroszewicz, J., & Horynek, H. (2024). Aggregated housing price predictions with no information about structural attributes – hedonic models: Linear regression and a machine learning approach. Land, 13(11), Article 1881. https://doi.org/10.3390/land13111881

Jin, G. Z., Wagman, L., & Zhong, M. (2024). The effects of short-term rental regulation: Insights from Chicago. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 96, Article 103087. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijindorg.2024.103087

Koster, H. R. A., van Ommeren, J., & Volkhausen, N. (2021). Short-term rentals and the housing market: Quasi-experimental evidence from Airbnb in Los Angeles. Journal of Urban Economics, 124, Article 103356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2021.103356

Lee, H., Han, H., Pettit, C., Gao, Q., & Shi, V. (2024). Machine learning approach to residential valuation: A convolutional neural network model for geographic variation. Annals of Regional Science, 72, 579–599. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00168-023-01212-7

Lee, S., & Kim, H. (2023). Four shades of Airbnb and its impact on locals: A spatiotemporal analysis of Airbnb, rent, housing prices, and gentrification. Tourism Management Perspectives, 49, Article 101192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2023.101192

Leoni, V., & Nilsson, W. (2021). Dynamic pricing and revenues of Airbnb listings: Estimating heterogeneous causal effects. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 95, Article 102914. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2021.102914

Li, H., & Srinivasan, K. (2019). Competitive dynamics in the sharing economy: An analysis with a focus on Airbnb and hotels. Marketing Science, 38(3), 365–391. https://doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2018.1143

Liu, L., Yu, H., Zhao, J., Wu, H., Peng, Z., & Wang, R. (2022). Multiscale effects of multimodal public facilities accessibility on housing prices based on MGWR: A case study of Wuhan, China. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 11(1), Article 57. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11010057

Lumley, T., Diehr, P., Emerson, S., & Chen, L. (2002). The importance of the normality assumption in large public health data sets. Annual Review of Public Health, 23(1), 151–169. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.publhealth.23.100901.140546

Mathotaarachchi, K. V., Hasan, R., & Mahmood, S. (2024). Advanced machine learning techniques for predictive modeling of property prices. Information, 15(6), Article 295. https://doi.org/10.3390/info15060295

Montgomery, D. C., Peck, E. A., & Vining, G.G. (2012). Introduction to linear regression analysis (5th ed.). Wiley.

Nieuwland, S., & van Melik, R. (2020). Regulating Airbnb: How cities deal with perceived negative externalities of short-term rentals. Current Issues in Tourism, 23(7), 811–825. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2018.1504899

Oskam, J. A. (2019). The future of Airbnb and the ‘sharing economy’: The collaborative consumption of our cities. Channel View Publications. https://doi.org/10.21832/9781845416744

Rodriguez-Serrano, J. A. (2025). Prototype-based learning for real estate valuation: A machine learning model that explains prices. Annals of Operations Research, 344, 287–311. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-024-06273-1

Rossi, F., & d’Addona, S. (2025). The impact of Airbnb on long-term rentals, population, and college enrollments: Empirical evidence from an Italian university town. Tourism Economics, 31(8), 1674–1701. https://doi.org/10.1177/13548166251314063

Serrano, L., Sianes, A., & Ariza-Montes, A. (2020). Understanding the implementation of Airbnb in urban contexts: Towards a categorization of European cities. Land, 9(12), Article 522. https://doi.org/10.3390/land9120522

Sharma, H., Harsora, H., & Ogunleye, B. (2024). An optimal house price prediction algorithm: XGBoost. Analytics, 3(1), 30–45. https://doi.org/10.3390/analytics3010003

Tang, J., Cheng, J., & Zhang, M. (2024). Forecasting Airbnb prices through machine learning. Managerial and Decision Economics, 45(1), 148–160. https://doi.org/10.1002/mde.3985

Wang, Z., Wang, J., Wu, S., & Du, Z. (2022). House price valuation model based on geographically neural network weighted regression: The case study of Shenzhen, China. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 11(8), Article 450. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11080450

Xu, F., Hu, M., La, L., Wang, J., & Huang, C. (2019). The influence of the neighbourhood environment on Airbnb: A geographically weighted regression analysis. Tourism Geographies, 22(1), 192–209. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2019.1586987

View article in other formats

CrossMark check

CrossMark logo

Published

2026-09-02

Issue

Section

Articles

How to Cite

Nash, N., Otri, E., & Mouraviev, N. (2026). Opportunities for investment in Airbnb short-term rental properties: Predictive modelling for categorisation and revenue estimation. International Journal of Strategic Property Management, 30(3), 259–272. https://doi.org/10.3846/ijspm.2026.27872

Share