Share:


Determination of an appropriate projection system for forest areas in Turkey

    Faruk Yildirim Affiliation
    ; Fatih Kadi   Affiliation
    ; Adem Kurtipek Affiliation

Abstract

Geometrical surfaces such as sphere and ellipsoid are considered as reference surfaces since there is no geometric shape that perfectly represents the earth when translating the earth into a map plane. Hence, on 3D reference surfaces, it is almost impossible to perfectly preserve the angle, direction and area properties and transfer them to a map plane without any deformations. The scaled topographic maps produced in our country under provision of map production regulations are conformal projections that do not preserve area properties but angle and shape properties. Area values calculated by projection coordinates cannot be considered the exact area values therefore, an area reduction is needed. Area values calculated by ignoring this situation in GIS based software do not represent the accurate area values on reference surfaces. The aim of this study is to determine the best area preserving projection for GIS applications in which area values are important. In this study, the real area values of 25 large-extent forest parcels are determined by employing the Danielsen method with geographical coordinates on ellipsoid surface. These parcels are also calculated by using the area-preserving projections available in ArcGIS software and are compared to their real area values.

Keyword : reference surface, map plane, conformal projections, GIS based software, Danielsen method, area-preserving projections, forest parcel

How to Cite
Yildirim, F., Kadi, F., & Kurtipek, A. (2020). Determination of an appropriate projection system for forest areas in Turkey. Geodesy and Cartography, 46(2), 41-47. https://doi.org/10.3846/gac.2020.10519
Published in Issue
Jul 9, 2020
Abstract Views
902
PDF Downloads
611
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

References

Borkowski, P. (2016). Future of the forests a perspective of European State Forests (EUSTAFOR). Brussels.

Brus, D. J., Hengeveld, G. M., Walvoort, D. J. J., Goedhart, P. W., Heidema, A. H., Nabuurs, G. J., & Gunia, K. (2012). Statistical mapping of tree species over Europa. European Journal of Forest Research, 131, 145–157. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-011-0513-5

Bugayevskiy, L. M., & Snyder, J. P. (1995). Map projections: A reference manual. Taylor and Francis.

Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. (2015). Applications for wildlife species assessment and unsolicited wildlife species status reports. COSEWIC.

Danielsen, J. (1989). The area under the geodesic. Survey Review, 232, 61–66. https://doi.org/10.1179/sre.1989.30.232.61

Gillissen, I. (1993). Area computation of a polygon on an ellipsoid. Survey Review, 248, 92–98. https://doi.org/10.1179/sre.1993.32.248.92

Grossmann, W. (1976). Geodätische Rechnungen und Abbildungen in der Landesvermessung. Stuttgart.

Guang, Z., Monika, M. L., & Soo-Hyung, K. (2013). Retrieval of effective leaf area index in heterogeneous forests with terrestrial laser scanning. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 51(2). https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2012.2205003

Karney, F. F. C. (2013). Algorithms for geodesics. Journal of Geodesy, 87(1), 43–55. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-012-0578-z

Kimerling, J. A. (1984). Area computation from geodetic coordinates on the spheroid. Surveying and Mapping, 44, 343–351.

Kennedy, M., & Kopp, S. (2000). Understanding map projections. ESRI Press.

Päivinen, R., Brusselen, J. V., & Schuck, A. (2009). The growing stock of European forests using remote sensing and forest inventory data. Forestry, 82, 479–490. https://doi.org/10.1093/forestry/cpp017

Pearson, F. (1990). Map projections: Theory and applications. CRC Press.

Pulla, P., Schuck, A., Verkerk, P. J., Lasserre, B., Marchetti, M., & Green, T. (2013). Mapping the distribution of forest ownership in Europe. (EFI Technical Report 88). European Forest Institute.

Sjöberg, L. E. (2006). Determination of areas on the plane, sphere and ellipsoid. Survey Review, 38(301), 583–593. https://doi.org/10.1179/sre.2006.38.301.583

Snyder, J. P. (1987). Map projections – A working manual. United States Government Printing. https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1395

Stantaurf, J., Madsen, P., & Lamb, D. (2012). A goal-oriented approach to forest landspace restoration. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5338-9

Tseng, W. K., Guo, J. L., & Liu, C. P. (2015). The geometric algorithm of inverse and direct problems with an area solution for the great elliptic arcs. Journal of Marine Science and Technology, 23(4), 481–490.

Republic of Turkey General Directorate of Forestry. (n.d.). URL1. Retrieved June 11, 2019, from https://www.ogm.gov.tr/Sayfalar/Ormanlarimiz/TurkiyeOrmanVarligi.aspx/

Usery, E. L., & Seong, J. C. (2000). A comparison of equal-area map projections for regional and global raster data. In Proceeding of 29th International Geographical Congress. Seoul, Korea. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/b02c/f48d02e4e53ca1775758737a064ae6a53336.pdf

Yıldırım, F., & Kaya, A. (2008). Selecting map projections in minimizing area distortions in GIS applications. Sensors, 8, 7809–7817. https://doi.org/10.3390/s8127809

Yıldırım, F. (2012). Selecting suitable map projections in minimizing distance distortions in GIS-based applications: A case study from Turkey. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 21(10), 2916–2921.

Vogt, J. T., & Smith, W. B. (2017). Forest inventory and analysis fiscal year 2016 business report. United States Department of Agriculture, USDA.