The need for financial education in the face of the social media and cryptocurrency phenomenon
Abstract
Purpose – is to provide evidence of how social networks act as an indispensable channel in the cryptocurrency phenomenon and its public perception, analysing the context in which it occurs, as well as the patterns followed and the most commonly used channels.
Research methodology – this article explores and provides evidence on the relationship between cryptocurrencies and social networks through the use of digital social listening tools, exploring data retrieved from the most prominent social networks, as well as websites, forums and blogs.
Findings – the urgent need to provide an adequate level of financial education in the digital
economy.
Research limitations – the study should be carried out by age segments to assess whether it is only a problem of the younger population, which are the habitual users of social networks.
Practical implications – the cryptocurrency user or investor is aware of the existing risks associated with cryptocurrencies, especially among the young population, without underestimating the influence that social networks have had and continue to have on the perception and acceptance of digital currencies, and even on their popularity.
Originality/Value – investing in cryptocurrencies requires social responsibility on the part of institutions, demanding adequate legislation and financial training for potential investors.
Keyword : cryptocurrencies, financial education, social listening, sentiment analysis, social networks
How to Cite
Martin Gomez, S., & Bartolome Muñoz de Luna, A. (2025). The need for financial education in the face of the social media and cryptocurrency phenomenon. Business, Management and Economics Engineering, 23(1), 14–29. https://doi.org/10.3846/bmee.2025.20296
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
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Allen, H. J. (2022). The superficial allure of crypto. Finance & Development. International Monetary Fund. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/fandd/issues/2022/09/Point-of-View-the-superficial-allure-of-crypto-Hilary-Allen
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Brandwatch. (n.d.). https://www.brandwatch.com/es/
Cambria, E. (2016). Affective computing and sentiment analysis. IEEE Intelligent Systems, 31(2), 102–107. https://doi.org/10.1109/MIS.2016.31
Caraiani, P., & Călin, A. C. (2018). The effects of monetary policy on stock market bubbles at zero lower bound: Revisiting the evidence. Economics Letters, 169, 55–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2018.05.014
Codina, L. (2009). Ciencia 2.0: Redes sociales y aplicaciones en línea para académicos [Science 2.0: Social networks and online applications for academics]. Hipertext. net, (7).
Coin ATM Radar. (2024). Number of Bitcoin ATMs in 84 countries and territories worldwide as of December 5, 2024 [Graph]. Statista. Retrieved June 20, 2023, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/343147/number-of-bitcoin-atms-countries/
Delfabbro, P., King, D., Williams, J., & Georgiou, N. (2021). Cryptocurrency trading, gambling, and problem gambling. Addictive behaviors, 122, Article 107021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107021
De Filippi, P. & Loveluck, B. (2016), La política invisible de Bitcoin: Crisis de gobernanza de una infraestructura descentralizada [The invisible politics of Bitcoin: Governance crisis of a decentralized infrastructure]. Internet Policy Review, 5(4). SSRN. https://ssrn.com/abstract=2852691
ECB. (2020). Evolución anual del número total de cajeros automáticos en España desde 2010 hasta 2019 [Annual evolution of the total number of ATMs in Spain from 2010to 2019 in thousands]. [Graph]. Statista. https://es.statista.com/estadisticas/525916/numero-de-cajeros-automaticos-en-espana/
Equihua, S. (2016). Redes sociales de investigación [Research social networks]. Infotecarios. https://bit.ly/1V3c5zj
Fernández Bayo, I., Menéndez, O., Fuertes, J., Milán, M., & Mecha, R. (2019). La comunidad científica ante las redes sociales. Guía de actuación para divulgar ciencia a través de ellas [The scientific community in the face of social networks: A guide to disseminating science through them]. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. https://www.ucm.es/data/cont/docs/1334-2019-03-27-Gu%C3%ADa%20de%20actuaci%C3%B3n%20def%202019%20WEB.pdf
García-Estévez, N. (2022). El fenómeno cripto y su proyección social y publicitaria. Estudio exploratorio sobre su uso como estrategia de marca [The crypto phenomenon and its social and advertising projection]. VISUAL REVIEW: International Visual Culture Review / Revista Internacional de Cultura Visual, 10(2), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.37467/revvisual.v9.3584
Gómez Álvarez, J. J., & Luque Mateo, M. A. (2023). Hacia una financiación verde y digital del tercer sector a través de las criptomonedas sociales complementarias. Aspectos fiscales [Towards a green and digital financing of the third sector through complementary social cryptocurrencies. Tax aspects]. CIRIEC – España, Revista Jurídica de Economía Social y Cooperativa, (42), 281–317. https://doi.org/10.7203/CIRIEC-JUR.42.26610
Grandes, M., & Colombo, F. A. (2023). Hacia un modelo actualizado de educación financiera bursátil para los jóvenes [Towards an updated model of stock market financial education for young people]. Ensayos de Economía, 33(62), 197–202. https://doi.org/10.15446/ede.v33n62.103217
Guégan, D., & Renault, T. (2021) Does investor sentiment on social media provide robust information for Bitcoin returns predictability? Finance Research Letters, 38, Article 101494. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2020.101494
Hartman, K. (2020). The day the geeks took over & storytelling with data. In Digital marketing analytics: In theory and in practice (2nd ed., pp. 2–38; 161–216. Ostmen Bennettsbridge Publishing Services.
Hernández Requena, S. (2008). El modelo constructivista con as nuevas tecnologías: Aplicado en el proceso de aprendizaje [The constructivist model and the new technologies: Applied to the learning process]. RUSC. Revista de Universidad y Sociedad del Conocimiento, 5(2), 26–35.
Herrera, L.C., Majchrzak, T.A., & Thapa, D. (2022). Principles for the arrangement of social media listening practices in crisis management. In F. Sanfilippo, O. C. Granmo, S. Y. Yayilgan, & I. S. Bajwa (Eds.), Intelligent technologies and applications. INTAP 2021: Vol. 1616. Communications in computer and information science (pp. 273–286). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10525-8_22
Huston, S. J. (2010). Measuring financial literacy. The Journal of Consumer Affairs, 44(2), 296–316. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6606.2010.01170.x
Hyman, V. (2022). Ya no caben dudas: América Latina adopta los pagos digitales, revela una encuesta [There is no longer any doubt: Latin America is adopting digital payments, a survey reveals]. Mastercard. https://www.mastercard.com/news/latin-america/es/perspectivas/blog-posts/blog-es/2022/julio/ya-no-caben-dudas-america-latina-adopta-los-pagos-digitales-revela-una-encuesta/
Jansen, B. J., Zhang, M., Sobel, K., & Chowdury, A. (2009). Twitter power: Tweets as electronic word of mouth. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 60(11), 2169–2188. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.21149
Kayal, P., & Balasubramanian, G. (2021). Excess volatility in bitcoin: Extreme value volatility estimation. IIM Kozhikode Society & Management Review, 10(2), 222–231. https://doi.org/10.1177/2277975220987686
Lam, L. T. & Lam, M. K. (2017). The association between financial literacy and problematic internet shopping in a multinational sample. Addictive Behaviors Reports, 6, 123–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abrep.2017.10.002
Lazer, D. M., Baum, M. A., Benkler, Y., Berinsky, A. J., Greenhill, K. M., Menczer, F., Metzger, M. J., Nyhan, B., Pennycook, G., Rothschild, D., Schudson, M., Sloman, S. A., Sunstein, C. R., Thorson, E. A., Watts, D. J., & Zittrain, J. L. (2018). The science of fake news. Science, 359 (6380), 1094–1096. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aao2998
Liu, J. & Dawson, S. (2020). The Forrester wave™: Social listening platforms, Q4 2020. Forrester Research.
Liu, J., & Dawson, S. (2021). The social technology convergence stalls out. Forrester Research.
Mai, F., Shan, Z., Bai, Q., Wang X., (Shane), & Chiang, R. H. L. (2018). How does social media impact bitcoin value? A test of the silent majority hypothesis. Journal of Management Information Systems, 35(1), 19–52. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.2018.1440774
McGuirk, M. (2021). Realización de análisis de redes sociales con Brandwatch para classrooms: Una revisión de la plataforma [Performing social media analytics with Brandwatch for classrooms: A platform review]. Journal of Marketing Analytics, 9, 363–378. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41270-021-00128-5
Mougayar, W. (2016). The business blockchain: Promise, practice, and application of the next internet technology. Wiley.
Nadarajah, S., & Chu, J. (2017). On the inefficiency of Bitcoin. Economics Letters, 150, 6–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2016.10.033
Nakamoto, S. (2008). Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system. SSRN. http://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3440802
Nassi-Calò, L. (2015). Estudio analiza el uso de las redes sociales en la evaluación del impacto científico [Study analyzes the use of social media in the evaluation of scientific impact]. SciELO in Perspective, 13.
Ordóñez Sánchez, S. G. (2021). Educación financiera basada en el bitcoin y la inclusión en planes de studio [Bitcoin-based financial education and inclusion in curricula]. RIDE. Revista Iberoamericana para la Investigación y el Desarrollo Educativo, 11(22), Article e245. https://doi.org/10.23913/ride.v11i22.973
Poongodi, M., Nguyen, T. N., Hamdi, M., & Cengiz, K. (2021). Global cryptocurrency trend prediction using social media. Information Processing & Management, 58(6), Article 102708. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2021.102708
Ranco, G., Aleksovski, D., Caldarelli, G., Grcar, M., & Mozetic, I. (2015). The effects of Twitter sentiment on stock price returns. PLos ONE, 10(9), Article e0138441. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0138441
Reuters Institute. (2023). Digital news report 2023. https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/digital-news-report/2023
Regal, A., Morzán, J., Fabbri, C., Herrera, G., Yaulli, G., Palomino, A., & Gil, C. (2019). Proyección del precio de criptomonedas basado en Tweets empleando LSTM [Cryptocurrency price projection based on Tweets using LSTM]. Ingeniare. Revista chilena de ingeniería, 27(4), 696–706. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-33052019000400696
Santana, A. S. (2010). Redes de intercambio de información científica y académica entre los profesionales en el contexto de la Web 2.0 [Networks for the exchange of scientific and academic information among professionals in the context of Web 2.0]. Cuban Journal of Health Sciences Information (ACIMED), 21(3), 321–333.
Stieglitz, S., Mirbabaie, M., Ross, B., & Neuberger, C. (2018). Social media analytics – Challenges in topic discovery, data collection, and data preparation. International Journal of Information Management, 39, 156–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2017.12.002
Stolper, O. A., & Walter, A. (2017). Financial literacy, financial advice, and financial behavior. Journal of Business Economics, 87, 581–643. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11573-017-0853-9
Urquhart, A. (2016). The inefficiency of Bitcoin. Economics Letters, 148, 80–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2016.09.019
TradingView. (2022). Cuota de mercado según capitalización bursátil de las principales criptomonedas desde 2015 hasta 2020 [Gráfica] [Market share according to market capitalization of the main cryptocurrencies from 2015 to 2020 [Chart]]. Statista. Retrieved June 25, 2023, from https://es.statista.com/estadisticas/1236408/criptomonedas-principales-monedas-por-capitalizacion-bursatil/
Vanti, N., & Sanz Casado, E. (2015). La Altmetría como una opción para medir la ciencia de manera más justa y equitativa [Altmetrics as an option to measure science in a more fair and equitable way]. En Desafíos y Oportunidades de las Ciencias de la Información y la Documentación en la era digital: Actas del VII Encuentro Ibérico EDICIC 2015 [In Challenges and Opportunities for Information and Documentation Sciences in the digital era: Proceedings of the VII Iberian Meeting EDICIC 2015]. Universidad Complutense de Madrid.
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